O Cadecs é um projeto editorial do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (Ufes), que visa propiciar maior circulação do conhecimento acadêmico por meio da publicação de trabalhos nas áreas de sociologia, política e antropologia – ou em suas interfaces. O periódico acadêmico-científico é publicado semestralmente em formato eletrônico, com três seções básicas para a publicação de trabalhos: (a) dossiê temático, (b) artigos de temática livre e (c) resenhas. Eventualmente, o periódico também publicará entrevistas, ensaios e traduções de textos relevantes para a área das ciências sociais.
O Caderno Eletrônico de Ciências Sociais detém os direitos autorais dos artigos nele publicados mediante submissão dos autores . O envio espontâneo de qualquer colaboração implica automaticamente a cessão integral dos direitos autorais ao Cadecs.
WORK, VIOLENCE AND FEAR: experiences and perspectives of motorcycle taxi drivers in São Bernardo – MA, Brazil
This study aims to understand the perceptions of transportation workers in São Bernardo, Maranhão, Brazil, specifically its motorcycle taxi drivers, regarding their work dynamics and the impacts of crime and fear on these activities. Thus, we explore the experiences of motorcycle taxi drivers and the difficulties they face in carrying out their work in the face of crime and violence in this region of Maranhão. To develop the research, we conducted a bibliographic analysis (books, theses, dissertations, articles, and documents), as well as 21 semi-structured interviews with motorcycle taxi drivers in the city. The research findings highlight the identification of situations associated with the emergence of motorcycle taxi drivers and their profile in the city of São Bernardo, especially among poor individuals who earn less than the minimum wage and have incomplete elementary education. Given the lack of a public transportation system in the city, these workers, often without licenses and using irregular vehicles, provide an essential low-cost service to the local population, promoting, amid the insecurity and fear that permeate their daily lives, the mobility necessary for the city's dynamics.
Who has the right to the city? The case of Nova Iguaçu from the perspective of urban mobility
This study aims to analyze socio-spatial segregation in Nova Iguaçu, Baixada Fluminense, through the analysis of planning focused on municipal mobility and connectivity between the municipality's centralities. The region faces significant challenges related to transportation and disorderly urbanization, which directly affects the quality of life of its residents. The lack of adequate planning contributes to transportation difficulties, with a fragmented and precarious transportation network. The lack of integration between municipal modes of transportation and poor infrastructure reinforce inequalities, hindering access to services, leisure, and commerce, especially in peripheral areas. Urban mobility is essential for social equity, but in Nova Iguaçu, internal travel is marked by long travel times and the need for integration. The study aims to highlight the importance of public policies that promote social inclusion and improve internal mobility conditions, contributing to more equitable and accessible urban development.
TOWER' WIDOWS: CULTURAL STRENGTHENING IN A CARNIVAL BLOCK IN JOÃO PESSOA-PB
The Tower´Widows carnival block is an annual tradition in the Torre neighborhood of João Pessoa-PB, with more than 30 years of history. As a popular participation bloco, it translates a festive celebration that goes beyond the carnival period, offering opportunities to witness the social interactions present both in the carnival context and in the routine of preparing for the party period, especially its organization and the multiple relationships involving the group and other sectors of the city and the neighborhood that hosts it: Torre. In this sense, the central question of this article is to understand how the Bloco Viúvas da Torre uses and transforms its urban environment to create a space for cultural expression, social interaction and symbolic meanings during Carnival. Through a structured interview with its organizer, Jairo Pessoa, and direct observation of the festival to understand its festive atmosphere, we analyzed the event's relationship with local dynamics (Canclini, 2013); the bloco's dialogue with other festive expressions to understand social interactions (Wirth, 1967); the forms of festive sociability in that urban environment (Magnani, 1992) and the understanding of popular cultural practices (Certeau, 1990) in its relationship with the city of João Pessoa, where it is considered an important cultural reference, symbolizing the resistance of the local community, and strengthening the identity of the neighbourhood, which is heavily commercial and also home to urban workers.
The Condominization of Everyday Life: The Moralization of Living Space in the Camboa Residential
This article offers a critical reflection on the lived experiences of residents in a housing complex built through Brazil’s Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) in the city of São Luís. The Camboa Residential Complex, inaugurated in November 2009 as part of the PAC Rio Anil project, was initially promoted as a revitalization effort meant to restore “dignity” to families previously living in stilt houses. Over time, however, the complex became a contested territory marked by drug trafficking, frequent gun violence, and execution-style killings, eventually acquiring a stigmatized identity and being colloquially dubbed “Carandiru” — a reference to the infamous São Paulo prison. Moreover, tensions emerged from the coexistence of residents originating from different neighborhoods, whose previous senses of territorial belonging contributed to ongoing conflicts within the complex. These divisions are frequently articulated by residents through the expression “mixing of favelas,” underscoring fragmented social integration.This paper focuses on how social relations are reconfigured within this newly constructed residential space — the product of a governmental attempt to impose a standardized model of housing (the apartment) and a spatial reordering of marginalized urban populations. Through an ethnographic lens, the study investigates how this model of “condominization” reshapes everyday life for families, especially those in the Rio Anil Camboa complex, and how it has been replicated in broader public housing policies. It examines how new forms of dwelling generate evolving relationships with space, the home, labor, income, and the very notion of property. These transformations are analyzed as part of a broader process I refer to as the condominization of social life among peripheral urban populations.lly.
“SINTO QUE MINHA CASA NÃO É ESSE PEDAÇO DE BECO [...], MAS TODA A COMUNIDADE”: As concepções em jogo na produção do espaço
The purpose of this article is to reflect on the production of space in the Timbó Community, located in the Bancários neighborhood, in the southern zone of João Pessoa. This production is examined through the distinction between the upper and lower parts of the community, geographic configurations that acquire symbolic meaning in everyday life and shape diverse ways of experiencing dwelling in the locality. To develop this discussion, the analysis draws on the narratives of female residents with whom an interlocutory relationship was established, in order to grasp how they understand and produce conceptions of the spaces that constitute Timbó. The reflection thus points to the play of differentiation that shapes the experience of dwelling by outlining the production of spaces, affective bonds, and perceptions in and about Timbó. This process fosters an ambivalent sense of belonging, which oscillates between attachment and aversion, between feeling part of the place or seeking to distance oneself from the condition of being a resident.
Being a Military Police Officer and an older adult in the state of Goiás
The study examines the (dis)respect for the collec- tive rights of elderly military police officers in Goiás, discussing concepts of otherness and collective rights, as well as the aging process of the Brazilian population, focusing on public policies and legislation for elderly protection. It analyzes public security and the impact of the profession on the quality of life of retired military police officers, emphasizing the right to healthy aging. Using a qualitative-quantitative approach and documentary and bibliographic research techniques, the study reveals a lack of in- formation on the health and quality of life of elderly military police officers in Goiás, as well as the insufficiency of public policies aimed at monitoring and promoting their quality of life, confirming the initial hypothesis. Additionally, it provides a historical analy- sis of the Brazilian context since the Constitution, highlighting the need for more robust policies to support the growing population of elderly military police officers.
At the borders of the pavilion: an ethnography at CCPJ in Imperatriz-MA
This article aims to analyze strategies for maintaining the self in a situation of incarceration. To this end, we use a Gof- fmanian contribution to analyze the Central de Custódia de Pre- sos da Justiça de Imperatriz (CCPJ-ITZ), a prison unit with the largest closed prison population, in the interior of the state of Ma- ranhão. Guided by the notions of Total Institution and secondary adjustments, three years of research were carried out, with the production of 42 photographic records, field notes, informal dia- logues, walks and direct observations. More than a process of social construction of prisoners, we see that there is a process of cultural change that simply cannot be labeled, completely, as prisoner or freed. To demonstrate this hypothesis, the article will bring situations that demonstrate, in depth, the tensions between institutional objectivity and subjectivities of inmates, focusing on the theoretical debate and the detailed study of a pavilion and a cell.
Exploring scientific production on forced migration in conflict contexts: a bibliometric and network analysis-oriented approach
The consistent increase in the number of refugees and forcibly displaced migrants in recent years has led to a significant humanitarian toll, making it one of the foremost challenges huma- nity currently faces. This article aims to identify current trends in scientific research regarding forced migrations and displacements in contexts of wars and conflicts through a bibliometric and syste- matic literature review. Key findings from the bibliometric analysis underscore a growing interest from European countries in produ- cing scholarly work on this subject, highlighting the challenges of this form of displacement for the region. The literature review em- phasizes the importance of adopting an interdisciplinary approach to understand the political implications and factors surrounding forced migrations and displacements. This approach takes into account individual, familial, communal, and structural aspects of the adaptation process for these individuals in destination regions. Given this landscape, it is imperative to develop effective policies and programs to support successful integration and ensure basic rights for migrant and refugee populations, while also mitigating the adverse impacts on host communities.
Beyond material support: advances and challenges for student retention at Brazilian federal universities
This article presents the results of a survey that aimed to map the retention, assistance, and pedagogical support actions directed at students at 69 Brazilian federal universities, through an online research guide, completed based on the universities’ websites, combined with the analysis of institutional documents. We present and discuss the main results of this survey, with the aim of contributing information on the policies implemented by federal universities, as they were presented in 2023, in addition to proposing some reflections on the topic, in order to deepen some aspects of the necessary debate on student assistance and re- tention policies in contemporary Brazil. In general, we observe an advance in both the maturation of concepts and retention actions in recent years, which have been increasingly understood as a responsibility of the institution and not only of a specific sector.
Teaching Sociology and Digital Technologies: a study with YouTube channels specialized in Sociology and Education
This paper analyzes the relationship between the teaching of Sociology and Digital Technologies, through a study of YouTube channels specialized in Sociology and Education in Brazil. It questions how digital technologies, especially YouTube, can influence educational practices in the area of Sociology Teaching, highlighting the transformations brought about by cy- berculture. The research used a qualitative approach, focused on the analysis of YouTube channels, such as Café com Sociologia and GRUPEES UFJF, in addition to three others, which in some way address digital technologies in the Sociology of Education. The information was produced by collecting and briefly analyz- ing video classes, number of views, interactions and relevance of the content presented. It was found that the educational ma- terials available on the platform contribute significantly to the ex- pansion of knowledge in Sociology, through interactive content. They offer new teaching strategies, such as methodologies with dynamic audiovisual resources. Although some challenges have been highlighted, such as the number of sociology channels and their diversity in Brazil, which limits some students’ access to and knowledge of these materials, there are still limits to reflections on the relationships between technologies and social life. The research concludes that, despite the advances provided by cy- berculture, the broad and critical inclusion of society is still a sig- nificant challenge for the democratization of these types of digital educational devices.
Anthropology goes to school: Ethnographic practices in the teaching of Sociology
This article discusses a pedagogical intervention for the teaching of Sociology in Basic Education, developed between the years 2022 and 2023, during supervised internships in public schools in Mar- ingá, Paraná. The objective, therefore, is to present and problematize ethnographically inspired teaching practices that can contribute to teacher training in the social sciences by proposing potential pathways for the serious consideration of alterity in school education. The inter- vention proposal aims to stimulate the active participation of students and teachers with their communities of origin, promoting processes of self-transformation, curiosity, denaturalization, empathy, and estrange- ment through the sensitive recognition of cultural differences. To this end, dialogues with the anthropological legacy are mobilized as a way to circumvent the “banking” organization of education and go beyond teaching projects based solely on the transmission of content. Thus, the proposed practices express discomfort with the place occupied by the social sciences in school, whether in the face of institutional limits or in the face of tensions surrounding the role of Sociology education. Finally, we argue that, although important principles such as community participation and the mandatory teaching of diversity are present in the current organization of Brazilian education, students need to approach them critically, engaged, and reflexively.
Niconoclash or an Exercise in Teaching-Learning in a Bolsonaro-Pandemic Context
My objective in this article is to present argumen- ts based on ethnography, but not exclusively, about the tea- ching-learning experience in a virtual university pedagogical environment, which occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic, with the perspective of supporting the validity of documentary uses in the face of students’ free interpretations of part of what is considered classic, canonical, production of anthropological literature. The text is the continuation of investments in discus- sions and uses of concepts that can account for reflections on the simultaneous roles of teacher and researcher in the class- room, through dialogues that occurred in a class of undergra- duate students in anthropology.
School and metamorphoses: an anthropological reading of Édouard Louis’ literature
This article is the result of socio-anthropological reflec- tions related to the autofiction work published by Édouard Lou- is. The French writer, born in the lower classes of contemporary France, turns his trajectory between childhood, adolescence and adulthood into a political manifesto. His literature focuses on iden- tity reconstruction that involves spatial transits, associated with symbolic changes both constructed with the central intention of becoming someone else, the result of positive identifications with the class style that he associates with what he classifies as the “French bourgeoisie”. The metamorphoses experienced by the author mix rational choices and social contingencies, perma- nently crossed by educational issues, learning and the structural inequalities present in the French context. We will demonstrate an intricate scenario, present in his literature, that articulates ap- proaches, to a certain extent, conceptual, originating from the au- thor’s training in human sciences, with clippings from the past, constructed as memory. The books analyzed, together or individ- ually, reveal the details of a project that is built in two ways. On the one hand, in the sense of transformation itself and, on the other, in the narrative – literary – construction of metamorphoses as a strategy for consolidating a place in the literary field, initially French and later worldwide. There is a set of intentions mani- fested in the books, which reveal the strategies of an intellectual who carried out a understood the academic and literary fields and established relationships with other personalities already recog- nized in both scenarios. In these networks, he organized actions in a prospective manner to insert himself academically and in the literary market and was successful. We emphasize that we under- stand success in accordance with the author’s own perspective, which is made explicit in the books.
The intramural aspects in the sociology of education: a reflection on class composition in Brazilian basic education
This article aims to discuss the sociological issues sur- rounding the importance of classes in public elementary schools in Brazil. The theme is related to the theme of grouping and the so- cial processes underlying the formation of classes. As an object of sociological analysis, the class element represents an intra-school factor used to understand the internal functioning of school in- stitutions. Considering the theoretical debate in the sociology of education about intra-school factors, research on grouping and the school classes formation in the school process of elementary education is still timid as a “key characteristic” for understanding the internal conditions of public schools. In this sense, based on the sociological contributions of education, this article reflects on the formation of classes for educational opportunities and recog- nizes classes as a relevant school factor for understanding their possible effects regarding sociological discussions about school trajectories, the role of school, educational inequalities and the quality of education. Thus, this article hopes to contribute to the sociological debate on the understanding of public schools in Bra- zil through an intra-school variable, school classes.
The Educational Construction of the “Problem Student” as a Stigmatization Process
Stigma is a social phenomenon that can manifest itself at school. This article aims to discuss its manifestations in public schools based on the analysis of the educational construction of troublemakers students. To this end, works are raised that sup- port the argument that the problem student can be understood as the student whose identity has been deteriorated. The Goff- manian concept of stigma is considered in conjunction with the theory of deviation proposed by Becker (2008) to then present researches of different shades, times and contexts that deal with the interactions established between “maladjusted” students and their respective schools. Based on this proposed dialogue with the referenced research, the troublemakers is defined as a sub- ject constructed in schools as a “non-student” through a process with multiple crossings. Deviation in its sociological sense, that is, what is, in the analyzed context, defined in a relational way as “bad behavior” or “indiscipline”, becomes a central component of stigma, which ends up confirming the idea of “ineducability” associated with ethnic-racial, socioeconomic and gender issues. A relevant and necessary discussion considering that stigmatized students may not complete their studies, even though they are in schools that make up education systems that advocate being republican, democratic and universal.
The institucional void in schools in the face of sexual harassment cases
The article analyzes the perception of victims of school sexual harassment regarding the lack of preparation of educatio- nal institutions to receive and deal with complaints. The data for analysis were obtained through semi-structured interviews with adults who, while attending primary or secondary school, suffered sexual harassment by a member of the school community. To ful- fill this intention, it initially presents important characteristics that integrate the victims’ educational trajectories and then discusses the notion of institutional void. The idea of institutional void indi- cates the absence of spaces and institutional mechanisms within schools to receive and deal with reports of sexual harassment. In conclusion, it proposes the development of sexual education in schools as a possible way to combat this harmful practice in en- vironments that must prioritize the respect of the students’ rights.
90 Years of the 1932 Manifesto: Between “Pedagogical Civilization” and Bourgeois Modernization in Brazil
Completing 90 years of its publication in 2022, the Manifesto of the Pioneers of New Education represented a unique moment for Brazilian society. It symbolized a context of intense economic, political and social transformations, bringing the need to place education at the center of the societal debate of the 1930s. Our objective in revisiting this document is to emphasize its civilizing advances imposed and present in its educational proj- ect, as well as present to the reader its classist determinations that reflected both in their pedagogical instances and in the social project represented by the particularity of bourgeois relations in Brazil. This article consists of three parts, and initially the rela- tionship between capitalism and the massification of formal ed- ucation will be established as a historical necessity and function assumed by the national State. Right away, it is explained how liberalism is particularized in the pedagogical guidelines of the principles of new education, being considered superior to tradi- tional pedagogical methods. Lastly, the text unfolds in the outline of the social project presented by the Education Pioneers who positioned themselves as responsible intellectuals and agents of social modernization, guided by a process of social harmonization led by education in the 1930s.
Sociology of Education in the background of Modernity: a theoretical framework
This article proposes to outline a theoretical program for the Sociology of Education based on the central argument that Sociology is the Science of Modernity. Sociology is inserted into a search for the constitution of a modern science that can account for the analysis of the institutions and processes that constitute modernity, among which capitalism, the nation-state, and science stand out, on the one hand, and industrialization, ur- banization, rationalization, individualization, and also schooling, on the other. The increasingly prominent role of education, and more specifically, of the school in modernity has led sociologists to focus on this institution. In this sense, it is possible to think of the sociology of education as a study of the relationship between education and society in modernity. In classical sociology, au- thors conceived school education as a way of producing social integration, in its relations with rationalization processes, in its interface with work, and also associated with political instrumen- talization for the promotion of freedom. With the global events at the beginning of the 20th century that impacted modern ins- titutions, new concerns emerged about the interaction between education and society. Contemporary sociology has come to view the education system as a way of transforming values or re- producing social inequalities, a trend that became dominant from the 1960s onwards. Thus, the proposal elaborated here presen- ts an expanded interpretation of the Sociology of Education as a sociological unfolding of modernity.
Sociological Perspectives on Education and the Teaching of Social Sciences
The socio-anthropological debate on education takes place in two complementary strands. The first involves a set of research that explores educational themes, considering the the- oretical and methodological framework of social sciences. The second involves specific debates about the teaching of social sciences in school settings across elementary, high school, and higher education levels. The dossier encompasses both strands and aims to establish itself as a repository of texts on these topics, as well as to raise new questions to guide future research.
Bodies and the border of the skin: reflections on maternal death and racism
Idealized and romanticized by some people. Undesired by others. A destiny for some, an option for others, motherhood is not experienced in the same way by all people who give birth. Bodies bear marks and intersections that situate them socially, so that gestation and childbirth are not unique experiences, and can even be dangerous verbs to conjugate and experience. Far from being repeated in the same way, given that this process is framed politically, culturally and socially, social markers differentiate the experience of motherhood and, often, threaten it. Considering the data on maternal death, black bodies are the ones that drive the statistics. The article presented here is the result of preliminary questions about racism and maternal death, based on a multi-sited study, still ongoing, in the city of João Pessoa (PB). In this way, I outline a path of the formation of Brazil under the motto of “racial democracy”, whose effects on pregnancies and postpartum periods should be analyzed from an intersectional perspective, with the contributions of black feminism being of great importance. Brazilian racism, hidden under the idea of a “racial democracy”, is one of the main elements that increase the numbers on maternal mortality, acting in different ways, mainly through institutional racism. In order to implement truly efficient public health policies in the Brazilian context, consistent with global health guidelines, it is necessary to recognize and demolish the racist structure that has historically sustained the country, with anti-racist literacy and the proposals of the black women’s movement being indispensable for this purpose.
The Agency of Nature: On Ethical Dilemmas of an Ethnography Beyond Human Interaction in the Field
In this article I present the first ethnographic records - both textual and imagery - of my thesis research. In the first con- tact with fieldwork, the aim was to study families who left the city to live in areas considered rural in southern Brazil, starting with the family of two women, Iti and Carina, women who had moved their lives from the city of Porto Alegre, in August 2020, a few months after the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, to a small town in the mountains, called Nova Petrópolis. The location is around 180 ki- lometers from the capital of Rio Grande do Sul, between Picada Café and Gramado. This first trip to the field not only brought to the research an active proposal for change in ethnographic me- diation and conduction, but also opened up space for new reflec- tions on the expansion of anthropological ethics beyond human interlocutors. In this sense, this experience identified in practice the agency of nature crossed by the erasure of the collection and the capture of field production as a response to this anticipated non-elaboration.
Death and History Teaching: textbook case study História, Sociedade & Cidadania by Alfredo Boulos Júnior
The article analyzes the relationship between the History of Death and History Teaching, using the textbook História Sociedade & Cidadania by Alfredo Boulos Júnior, published in 2018, as a case study. The methodology involves the analysis of three chapters that address the death of slaves and freed individuals. Based on the concept of “sensitive pasts,” the text reflects on the sociocultural treatment of death, which remains underexplored in both academic and educational contexts. It concludes that the approach to death is still largely associated with violence. We emphasize that differentiated approaches can offer new perspectives on the death of slaves and freed individuals, as well as their funeral practices, enriching and expanding classroom discussions
What Do the Undead Teach Us? Reflections on Death from George Romero’s Horror Cinema
The article aims to analyze what the undead can teach us, using this figure as an example among the various monstrous manifestations present in the horror universe. To achieve this, the text focuses on the horror cinema of American director George Andrew Romero, known for his works that reconfigure the representation of the undead. It is understood that these figures have significant potential to reveal aspects of the historical and cultural context in which they emerge, encompassing a range of emerging themes and promoting deep reflections on death and the finitude of human existence. To achieve this purpose, the study is grounded in Cultural Studies and employs a methodology composed of screen ethnography, theoretical contributions from cultural analysis, and critical visual methodology. This approach allows for a richer and more contextualized understanding of both the figure of the undead and horror cinema as a whole. Thus, it is considered that these representations not only help to comprehend historical and cultural contexts but also address problems that persist over time, transcending various cultures. The figure of the undead is understood not only as a symbol of death but also as an element that deconstructs the truths and understandings typically held about it. This disorganization provokes a crisis in established perceptions, generating a variety of reactions and deep reflections on the human condition.
Walking among shallow graves: homeless people and the reproduction of social invisibility
In this effort, I start from a description of the experience of walking in the space reserved for shallow graves in a cemetery to reflect on the processes and practices that constitute this specific type of dying, which is reserved mainly for those who experience homelessness at the end of their trajectories. I reflect on the definitive perpetuation of the social invisibility of living for dying in this reserved space, as well as its intersection in the techniques of governing life as a necropolitical paradigm of our time. I conclude by emphasizing the centrality of death, dying and the dead in thinking about the phenomenon of the homeless population in Brazil.
Ontologías y topografías del terror: Trazados etnográficos en torno a cadáveres de personas asesinadas por la represión en el libro de morgue de 1976, en Córdoba, Argentina
O artigo analisa etnograficamente o tratamento dos cadáveres de pessoas assassinadas por práticas repressivas na década de 1970 em Córdoba, Argentina, com foco nas mortes causadas pelas forças repressivas e nas formas de matar nesse período. O objetivo é investigar a configuração de ontologias escritas e topografias do terror nos documentos produzidos no necrotério da província de Córdoba durante 1976. A metodologia segue uma abordagem etnográfica com documentos, concebendo-os como relações sociais específicas, sistematizando os sujeitos produtores, os termos utilizados e os espaços de circulação desses documentos. A partir dessa análise, é possível identificar como, na escrita sobre pessoas assassinadas por razões políticas nos anos 1970 em Córdoba, configuram-se ontologias escritas que representam modos de transição entre o vivo e o morto em determinados sujeitos, com sentidos políticos específicos. Além disso, o “livro do necrotério”, elaborado pelos trabalhadores do local, é pensado como um locus onde se manifestam indícios de uma topografia do terror, identificando na escrita os atores e espaços da repressão em Córdoba no início da última ditadura cívico-militar argentina.
The political lives of the dead and the new places of the disappeared in Mexico
This article seeks to show ethnographically how families of victims of violence in Mexico sustain ‘political lives of the dead’. Political afterlives of the dead are in street protests and at the political altars of the religious festivity the Day of the Dead. However, Mexico has many missing people who were never properly buried and whose families hope they are alive. In this sense, the disappeared are neither dead nor alive and should not be included in the Day of the Dead in the views of their families. Instead, new places at new memorials are built for them, with new rites to maintain the social lives of the missing. These posthumous lives continue the calls for justice perpetually.
A verdade jurídica e seus tempos. Comparação entre o Auto de Resistência e a Pena de Morte no Brasil oitocentista
This article presents a comparative analysis of the use of resistance acts with lethal outcomes and the application of capital punishment in 19th-century Brazil, based on a historiographical approach. While contemporary discourses often equate resistance acts with a modernized form of the death penalty, especially in peripheral contexts, the study highlights fundamental differences between these practices. The focus is on the discrepancies in the legal truths produced by these dynamics of state violence, exploring how deaths justified by resistance acts and those by capital punishment navigate distinct temporal frameworks in producing public faith to carry out, document, and justify these deaths.
“MY MOTHER DIDN’T DIE. SHE’S STILL ALIVE, BUT IN MY THOUGHTS”: GRIEF FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS ORPHANED BY COVID-19
This article presents and analyses the experiences of grief for Covid-19 lived by families assisted by the Paraíba que Acolhe cash transfer program, reported during anthropological fieldwork carried out between May 2023 and September 2024, with 53 children and adolescents orphaned by Covid-19, in 28 extended families. The results indicate that children, adolescents and their families are affected, in addition to parental loss, by prolonged grief. To understand this process, we used the consequences of suspended funeral rituals; individual medicalization in response to collective grief; the Bolsonaro government's nefarious management of the pandemic; and the exercise of memory, especially by children and adolescents, as a way of making physical absences present. Although social protection is a guideline of this public policy, there were no recorded intersectoral actions that included psychological and/or psychiatric care for direct beneficiaries and their families. In conclusion, we highlight the need for multi-sectoral care for grieving families, beyond financial provision.
Death is a social phenomenon that has raised, over time and in different social groups, various explanations, representations and ritualistic practices aimed at denying it as the end of existence. Since the 20th century, transformations in Western society have made death a taboo, a topic to be avoided, confined to certain contexts. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic reversed this scenario and put death at the center of events. This article focuses on the pandemic period in order to analyze the changes surrounding death, especially with regard to rituals and mourning, due to health restrictions. It is interested in understanding how virtual environments have become an alternative for expressing grief and accepting loss, as well as for preserving the memory of the dead. To this end, two virtual spaces were selected and observed: a mourning group on the social network Facebook and an online memorial dedicated to the victims of new coronavirus. The results indicate that these spaces were strengthened by the restrictions or absence of funeral rituals, acted as an important support network among the bereaved and enabled tributes and expressions of feelings of pain and grief.