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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
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Morphopragmatic analysis of the neologism bigodudista based on social media guidelines
This article presents a morphopragmatic analysis of the neologism bigodudista as used in an audiovisual post published on TikTok, focusing on how the platform’s moderation policies shape the creation of this lexical formation. Morphopragmatics is primarily concerned with the pragmatic meanings systematically encoded in morphological operations. The study investigates how interlocutors are able to pragmatically recover the meaning of bigodudista and associate it with the term nazist. The theoretical framework draws on the works of Gonçalves (2002; 2016), Grice (2004), Dressler and Barbaresi (1994; 2015), Wilson (2008), among others. The methodology involves corpus collection, validation, and analysis of the neological units. The inference that bigodudista refers to the term nazist is made possible through a metonymic mechanism. From a paradigmatic lexical perspective, the speaker’s choice of the formation bigodudista emerges by analogy with other morphosemantically similar formations, reflecting the productivity of the schema [X -ist]. In such formations, the suffix -ist conveys the meaning of “a person who supports, sympathizes with, or adheres to X.” This lexical choice reflects a process of implicature insofar as the referent remains inferentially accessible to interlocutors even without being explicitly stated within the context of the discursive restrictions imposed by the platform.
Paremiological phraseologisms and their equivalents, in bilingual dictionaries, and searches in linguistic corpora that legitimize them
Paremiology, within the scope of linguistic and lexical studies, focuses on paremiological units, structures popularly known as proverbs, which are known for conveying lessons and advice, being timeless, and transmitted collectively from one generation to the next. The paremiological units are capsules of the memory, customs, principles, and culture of a group. The study is justified by the fact that these structures have a crystallized meaning but are subject to change and may disappear, and therefore, it is essential that they be recorded, explained, and shared with future generations and speakers of other languages. This article, situated within the field of Phraseology and Contrastive Paremiology, is based on the theoretical presuppositions of Ortiz Alvarez (2000), Monteiro-Plantin (2014), among others. As for methodology, it compares, using a lexicographical corpus, five proverbs and their variations in two languages – Brazilian Portuguese and American English – observing linguistic differences and similarities. As a result, it presents reflections on the lexical, syntactic, and semantic levels, and highlights cultural and pragmatic aspects present in usage contexts in corpora through the approach of Corpus Linguistics. The examples of use aimed to validate, or refute, the meanings conveyed by the lexicographers.
Constructional Phonology? Beyond formal unilaterality
Usage-Based Construction Grammar (UBCG) proposes an integrative model of linguistic knowledge, in which the units of language are conceived as constructions that pair form and function (Goldberg, 2006; Diessel, 2019; Hoffman, 2022). The phonological schema at the submorphemic level has recently been invoked as a construction (Höder, 2019), renewing the discussion to which we contribute in this article with data from Brazilian Portuguese. Drawing on a literature review, the reflections presented here aim to argue for the relevance of considering intraword phonological schemas as partially schematic constructions. Based on the assumptions that phonological schemas are entrenched and conventionalized units that emerge from language use (Höder, 2014; Port, 2010; Silvennoinen, 2023; Mai et al., 2024), and that units below the word level also play a role in the organization of linguistic knowledge (Höder, 2019), we present arguments that strengthen the proposition that such units can be understood as constructions whose functional dimension is not limited to phonological distinction but also involves interpretive aspects with contextual implications. Our discussions result in the assumption that submorphemic patterns can carry different degrees of functional density, supporting the view that phonology, going beyond a merely formal-structural role, integrates the semantic-pragmatic layers of linguistic knowledge.
Rap battles from a Dialogical Perspective
Rap battles are improvised verbal duels in which MCs (Masters of Ceremony) face off through attacks and comebacks, marked by tension and audience participation. In this sense, this article aims to establish a framework for the discursive analysis of specific utterances from rap battles, grounded in the theoretical-methodological perspective of dialogic language analysis, derived from Bakhtin and the Circle. Understood as a discursive genre, the rap battle allows for relevant reflections based on categories such as responsiveness and evaluation. The corpus examined corresponds to a round from Batalha da Aldeia—9th anniversary edition, available on the Batalha’s official YouTube channel. The results indicate that, as a discursive genre, the rap battle requires a comprehensive analysis of the rounds as concrete utterances, given their interactive and responsive nature.
Modalizing uses of [de fato] and [na verdade] in the 21st century: a comparative usage-based analysis
This study aims to comparatively analyze the adverbial constructions de fato and na verdade in contemporary Portuguese, focusing on the discursive-pragmatic inferences of their uses as epistemic modalizers that configure function subtypes. We adopt the theoretical and methodological assumptions of Usage-Based Linguistics, according to which language is organized as a network which is sensitive to communicative intentions, interactional context, and to the action of general cognitive processes such as analogy, categorization, and chunking. We collected 200 occurrences of na verdade and 200 of de fato from the “News on the Web” section of the Corpus do Português and analyzed them with regard to the discursive-pragmatic relations they establish between pieces of information in discourse. The results indicate that each construction presents a basic value that expands metaphorically into subtypes distributed along a continuum ranging from a more subjective to a more objective pole. We observed that na verdade prototypically operates in the rectification and updating of discourse, revealing a higher degree of subjectivity, and presents 10 additional subtypes, of which 4 were described. In contrast, de fato tends to objectify a previously subjective point of view, functioning primarily as a marker of assertion, with a higher degree of objectivity, and presents 4 subtypes. Thus, we contribute to the understanding of the subspecializations of meaning of these modalizers and their interactions within the linguistic network.
Silence in the cyberdiscourse: ethos and the avatar-subject
In post-truth times, the increasing automation, driven by artificial intelligence (AI), in agreement with Harari (2018), threatens to obliterate jobs and exacerbate social disparities, concentrating power and resources in an elite. In this context, in light of the Discourse Analysis (DA), we seek to clarify and analyze the processes of meaning effects emerging in the materialities of cyberdiscourse and cybernetic discourse to understand cybercultural functioning. We discuss the individua(liza)tion of the avatar-subject and the projection of various types of ethos, conforming to Maingueneau (2025), considering the articulated work of the silence forms proposed by Orlandi (2007). In this qualitative, bibliographical and analytical study, we explore three discursive sequences: a) a reel about surveillance and algorithmic control based on Marilena Chauí’s experience with a virtual assistant, b) a post by Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella about innovation and technological power and c) an excerpt from the privacy policies constituting Meta’s institutional discourse on its official website. Given the topicality and social relevance of the theme, we aim to contribute to reflections on the relationship among digital technology, society, language and ideology. In this endeavor, we conclude that the articulated forms of silence are embedded in the constitution of ethé.
This article examines the cognitive conditions that facilitate communication between humans and generative artificial intelligence systems, focusing on the inferential architecture that underlies communicative action. Although the artificial agent lacks intentionality, interaction achieves functional coherence through the heuristic projection of collaborative agency by the human participant. To account for this phenomenon, the study introduces the concept of projected hetero-conciliation, defined as the provisional attribution of communicative intention to the system to maintain continuity of the action plan. Employing a theoretical-analytical approach, the research compares human–human and human–generative AI exchanges to evaluate the descriptive adequacy of pragmatic-cognitive models. Findings demonstrate that communication persists through human inferential mechanisms, underscoring the need to extend the theoretical framework to contexts devoid of reciprocal mental states.
A didactic sequence on climate change through the lens of multimodality
This paper aspires to introduce an educational proposal for high school that employs multimodal genres, such as photojournalism, scientific vlogs, and infographics, to address climate change. Its primary goal is to stimulate students’ critical thinking by promoting the integration of different semiotic resources in order to construct complex and socially relevant meanings. The research adopts a qualitative approach (Minayo, 1994), combining bibliographic analysis with reference to Brazil’s National Common Curricular Base. The activities were organized in a Didactic Sequence (Dolz; Noverraz; Schneuwly, 2004) that articulates different modes of expression to develop competencies in reading, analysis, and the production of multimodal texts. The results indicate that students can actively engage in the creation of hybrid texts, expanding their understanding of contemporary issues, strengthening argumentation skills, and fostering reflection on diverse perspectives. This is facilitated by the creation of a dialogical space that contributes to reducing denialist attitudes and promotes the development of a critical understanding of the environmental crisis. It is concluded that pedagogical experiences integrating multimodality and socially relevant topics strengthen the role of the school as a formative and critical environment, providing teachers with tools to broaden discussions and encourage reflective analysis.
Double-meaning language: a pragmatic-cognitive perspective on memes and irony
This study aims to understand the metarepresentational processing of irony in the inferential constitution of memes (Sperber & Wilson, 1995 [1986]; 2002; Rauen, 2020; Wilson, 2013; Piskorska, 2016; Silveira & Feltes, 2002). In this paper, we carry a case study of a meme published by the profile @meuparenteoficia (on Instagram)l on August 26, 2025, entitled Tá lento❤️😍. Our hypothesis is based on the argument that memes constitute a privileged communicative sphere for observing the integration of different stimuli (inputs) into complex processing schemes for comic effects (Silva & Cortez, 2020; Chagas et al., 2017). The results point to an allusive-disintegrative inferential architecture which, despite requiring additional processing effort, is offset by the integration of different inputs, yielding humorous effects as a reward.
Argumentative Effects of Orality in Jury Trials
This research aims to demonstrate the importance of orality in the argumentative construction of the defendant in the Jury Trial. To this end, the persuasive effects of the testimony of the defendant Luciano Bonilha Leão in the Kiss nightclub trial are analyzed, taking as a starting point the marks of hesitation and reformulation, typical phenomena of spoken text. As a theoretical framework, orality is discussed based on the postulates of Preti (1999) and subsequent studies, while argumentation is supported by the precepts of Rhetoric (Aristotle, 2005) and New Rhetoric (Perelman & Olbrechts-Tyteca, 1996 [1958]). This qualitative research is based on the transcription of the testimony following the norms of the NURC Project. The results demonstrate potential argumentative effects: hesitation reveals the desire to gain time in planning upcoming information and the speaker's apprehension in making certain statements, anticipating a risk to their ethos; reformulation by correction reveals the choice of verbal constructions consistent with the defense's thesis; and reformulation by paraphrase strategically adds details and circumstances to the defendant's narrative, benefiting their project of saying, in addition to provoking shifts in meaning. Thus, orality proves to be essential in achieving the desired persuasion within the jury.
“A Libras é uma adaptação/derivação do Português”
As crenças e atitudes linguísticas manifestam-se em todas as línguas e em diversos contextos, tornando-se, assim, necessário compreender aquelas relacionadas à Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras). Nesse âmbito, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as crenças e atitudes linguística acerca da concepção de que a Libras é uma adaptação ou derivação da Língua Portuguesa, a partir da perspectiva de professores ouvintes em formação inicial no curso de Letras Português da Unifesspa, unidade de Marabá (PA). A base teórica fundamenta-se nos estudos sobre crenças e atitudes linguística (Barcelos, 2001; 2006; Lambert; Lambert, 1972; Gómez Molina, 1998) e nas pesquisas sobre crenças na Libras (Quadros; Karnopp, 2004; Gesser, 2009). O corpus foi composto por testes de crenças aplicados antes e após a disciplina, com 10 discentes ouvintes. Adotou se abordagem mista, com análise de conteúdo e tratamento estatístico dos dados. Os resultados demonstraram predominância de posicionamentos positivos, além de mudança de atitudes negativas para positivas após a disciplina, independentemente da variável gênero ou contato linguístico, evidenciando a sua contribuição para a valorização da Libras como língua legítima na formação docente.
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An investigation of the intertextual relations of strict and broad allusions in advertising posts shared on Instagram from a Text Linguistics’ perspective
In recent decades, in an interactional sociocognitive perspective, Textual Linguistics theorists have developed studies focused on textual-discursive strategies in multimodal texts. Adopting this perspective, this article investigated the intertextual phenomena of strict and broad allusion in advertisements shared as Instagram posts. To do so, we based it on theories about the text, especially about intertextuality and advertising on Instagram (Piza, 2012; Sousa and coauthors, 2020; Pinto; Batista, 2021; Machado, 2024). Using a qualitative, documentary and descriptive methodology, we selected four advertisements published on the Hershey’s Brasil company account. Next, we described their contents and semiotic compositions to verify how strict and broad allusions manifest in them. The results demonstrate that the posts use both broad and strict processes to construct the company's advertising messages – including the simultaneous occurrence of both phenomena in the same text – so that modes such as images, colors and typography also perform both allusive functions. It is important to note the relevance of studies focused on this and other phenomena in multimodal texts, in order to expand other analytical categories and textual genres and to undertake reflections on new ways of textualizing, enhanced by digital technologies.
The race marker and the power of control over the body
This article examines how, throughout history, racism has functioned as a technology of disciplinary power directed at Black bodies, drawing on Foucault’s (1987) reflections on the production of docile, useful, and manageable bodies. By understanding the body as a surface on which power is inscribed and as a privileged target of disciplinary practices, we analyze how the social marker of race has been historically constituted as a device of domination that legitimizes physical, symbolic, and epistemic violence. Grounded in this framework, we examine how Beyoncé and Sojourner Truth reveal different modes of capture, control, and circulation of images of Black women. The combined analysis of these cases allows us to identify the persistence of controlling images that update colonial logic and keep Black bodies under surveillance, domestication, and stigmatization. We conclude that such mechanisms reinforce the need to understand the articulation between power, race, and the body as a central axis for analyzing contemporary forms of subjugation, as well as for questioning false forms of representativity that often merely reconfigure old structures of oppression.
The exclusion of Spanish from the New High School Reform
This article offers a critical analysis of the removal of the mandatory teaching of Spanish in Bill 5,130/2023, approved by the Federal Chamber on 07/09/2024, and in Law 14,945/2024, which restructured the New Secondary Education model. Grounded in the framework of linguistic educational policy (Shohamy, 2009; Lagares, 2018; Arnoux, 2020), the study investigates how political, economic, and geopolitical disputes shape the exclusion of Spanish from the Brazilian curriculum. Methodologically, it develops a documentary research approach (Prior, 2003; May, 2004), based on the analysis of linguistic instruments —bills, official documents, and expert statements— published between 2016 and 2024. The central objective is to reconstruct the historical trajectory of Spanish within basic education and to understand the political context that enabled its removal. The results reveal that this decision reflects pressure from private sectors interested in reorganizing public education and a limited conception of plurilingualism that, paradoxically, restricts students’ access to additional languages. Furthermore, the findings highlight a disregard for the established trajectory of teacher education and a distancing from the constitutional principle of Latin American integration. The study concludes that the exclusion of Spanish represents a socio-educational and democratic setback, while resistance movements reaffirm the language as a linguistic right and a tool for inclusion.
Practice of linguistic-semiotic analysis in the reading process
This article aims to analyze a text-enunciated in specific communication situation, for studies of language practices in the educational field. The research question seeks to investigate the extent to which practice of linguistic-semiotic analysis (PAL-S) contributes to the development of reading skills in the process of literacy for social practices. The research —of a theoretical, qualitative-interpretative nature and with explanatory purposes—, is based on the assumptions of Linguistic Applied (LA) (Moita-Lopes, 2006; Kleiman; Vianna; De Grande, 2019), from the dialogical perspective of language (Bakhtin, 2016[1979]; Volóchinov, 2018[1929]) and the studies of multiliteracies (New London Group, 1996; Rojo, 2009, 2013; Moura, 2012, 2019; Rojo; Barbosa, 2015). Data generation happens through indirect documentation —anchored in specialized literature, as well as from the investigative corpus, resulting from posting on social networks. The method of analysis and interpretation of information is dialectical, with technical procedures of historical and comparative nature. As results, it is noticed that in the initial and continuing training of mother tongue teachers, a fruitful way to expand reading abilities is through the study of (multi)literacies for social practices, anchored in LA and in the dialogical perspective of language, as well as the development of PAL-S in the reading process.
This study investigated the discursive dynamics of vaccine denialism on Facebook in 2020. The goal was to identify anti-vaccine discourses within the context of the clinical trials for the development of Coronavac. The study includes eight public posts in Portuguese related to the episode of the suspension of the Butantan Institute's vaccine trials (developed in partnership with the Chinese laboratory Sinovac) due to the death of a volunteer. The corpus was obtained from a survey of 45,097 public posts in Portuguese made on Facebook between March 17 and November 30, 2020, that included at least one of the two terms: “Chinese vaccine” or “Coronavac.” The data collection was carried out using CrowdTangle, a digital tool from Meta Platforms. To conduct the study, we relied on the theoretical framework of Digital Discourse Analysis (Paveau, 2021), in addition to the concepts of discursive virtue (Paveau, 2015) and pre-discourse (Paveau, 2013). We identified metaphors and antitheses used by speakers aiming to fuel vaccine hesitancy in the audience through disinformative content. We argue that, by activating pre-discursive elements in the connected audience, the speakers managed to foster a climate of vaccine denialism around the Butantan vaccine.
Bolsonaro and Salles' digital speech on covid-19, the Amazon and indigenous peoples during the first year of the pandemic in Brazil
In this research, we investigate technodiscursive resources mobilized by Jair Bolsonaro, as President of the Republic, as well as by the then Minister of the Environment, Ricardo Salles, about COVID-19, the Amazon, and indigenous peoples, published on Twitter/X, during the first year of the coronavirus pandemic in Brazil (from March 11, 2020 to March 11, 2021). Our objective is to identify and analyze the characteristics of the digital discourse practiced by the subjects in question to enunciate themselves, as political figures, on this social network, considering the prominent role of the aforementioned platform for modern political debate. In view of this, we base ourselves on Digital Discourse Analysis (Paveau), from an ecological and post-dualist perspective, methodologically supporting ourselves in a qualitative analysis based on the notion of small corpus, advocated by Moirand (2020). In view of the above, this study concludes that the technodiscourse promoted by Bolsonaro and Salles on Twitter/X expressed openly anti-scientific and denialist positions on the aforementioned topics, revealing a digital discourse ideologically marked by conservatism and little appreciation for public institutions. We also found that both publicly expressed opposition to the preservation of biomes and the maintenance of indigenous lives.
Systemic and constructionist reflections on the approach to relational clauses realized with the verb to be
This study assesses the plausibility of an interface between Systemic Functional Grammar (Halliday; Matthiessen, 2004) and Goldberg’s Constructionist model (1995; 2006) for the analysis of relational clauses with the verb ser (“to be”). It is hypothesized that these clauses constitute constructional subschemas of the macroconstruction [NP + Cop + X], whose attributive and identificative variations result from the interplay between systemic-functional choices and constructional principles of inheritance and polysemy. The corpus consists of 48 reports of homophobic violence published on news websites between 2014 and 2019, from which 124 intensive relational clauses were extracted. Manual coding was carried out with a focus on the thematic roles of paired structures. The results show that, through a quali-quantitative approach integrating SFG and Construction Grammar, each relational clause with ser instantiates a subschema of the macroconstruction [NP + Cop + X], differentiated by the nature of the third slot (AdjP or NP) and by the projected ideational roles. In the corpus, the attributive mode predominated, with 98 occurrences (79.04%) as opposed to 26 identificative ones (20.96%). It was observed that the qualificative, classificative, and identificative constructions respectively reflect gradients of evaluation, categorization, and definition, demonstrating how metafunctional choices (SFG) intertwine with constructional schemas (CG) in the production of meaning.
“Where I am raised, no one likes racists”
This paper aims to highlight the role of rap lyrics in the re-signification of terms that have been widely used in social and discursive contexts of racism, characterizing the musical genre as a practice of Transgressive Applied Linguistics (TAL) (Pennycook, 2006) par excellence. Based on the constructs of entextualization, indexicality, and linguistic ideologies, originating from Linguistic Anthropology (Moita Lopes; Gonzalez; Melo; Guimarães, 2022) and the theoretical contributions "Entextualization and Indexicality from the Inside Out" and "Entextualization and Indexicality from the Outside In" (Rocha da Silva, 2024), this study will analyze the uses of the words "cria" and "neguinha" —located and selected using the search tool of the Digital Newspaper Archive— in advertisements for the purchase and sale of enslaved people, dating from the 18th century, and in rap lyrics from current eras, in order to observe the meanings that the words attribute in different periods, as well as to analyze whether these allude to racism. Using dictionary definitions from past and present dictionaries, a comparative analysis will be made between the dictionary meanings and those used in rap lyrics, in order to observe if they present any distinction. This study examined semantics and context, as well as how rap is an ally in the anti-racist struggle within the realm of language. As a result, it became evident that words are not inherently racist, but rather used by racist individuals to reproduce their prejudices. Furthermore, the research also highlighted the fundamental role of rap lyrics in the fight against linguistic racism, representing concrete practices of Transgressive Applied Linguistics (Pennycook, 2006).
Relationships between gestural sign and chronotope in the production of meaning in discourse in Brazilian Sign Language - Libras
The aim is to analyse the referential refraction between the gestural signs for FITA and their chronotopes, based on the video in Libras, Blue September, published on the Youtube platform. To do this, we: 1) selected the video according to the following criteria: time (up to five minutes), content (informative) and enunciator (deaf); 2) requested authorisation to use images; 3) converted the video into images; 4) assembled the gestural signs. From the selected video, we obtained four gestural signs for FITA: LAÇO-FITA-PEITO-classifier, F-I-T-A, FITA-BRAÇO-classifier F-I-TA and AMARARAR-FITA-BRAÇO-classifier. The methodological resource adopted was exotopia, based on a qualitative research approach. From the results, we consider: i) the enunciator re-signifies, from the space of enunciation, certain gestural signs; ii) this re-signification is moulded by the socio-historical context, whose time-space is singular; iii) the enunciation acquires a theme and finish, resulting from the chronotope and axiological elements; the choice of gestural signs is determined by the position, values and cultural and linguistic level of the enunciator.
This article analyzes how a teacher-researcher, here referred to as Clara, discursively constructs herself through her participation in the Exploratory Practice Group and investigates how her sense of belonging to this formative space is configured. Additionally, it discusses the potential of Exploratory Practice as a sustainable approach to the continuing education of teachers, highlighting its role in fostering critical reflection, sensitive listening and collaborative engagement among educators. The study is grounded in Critical Applied Linguistics (Fabrício, 2006) and in the concept of discourse as situated and performative action (Melo; Rocha, 2015), while also drawing on research in Exploratory Practice and in critical teacher education (Miller et al., 2008; 2013). The research adopts a qualitative interpretivist approach (Denzin; Lincoln, 2006), with data generated through exploratory conversations (Dias et al., 2021), considered ethical and affective forms of listening and of shared meaning-making. The findings suggest that language, in its performative dimension, enables the negotiation of meanings around being and doing research, promoting critical reflections on topics such as teaching collaboration and inclusion. It was understood that Exploratory Practice constitutes a sustainable space for professional development, where language plays a central role in the construction of knowledge and fluid teacher identities.
On the question of the standard norm in 19th century Brazil
In this article, we aim to revisit, based on the principle of contextualization (Koerner, 2014 [1995]) and the concept of moderate historicism (Batista, 2020), the climate of opinion in which the establishment of the standard norm in Brazil took place. We will highlight historical and social facts that favored a certain line of understanding regarding the normative paths (and missteps) of the country, from its very genesis. By doing so, we intend to emphasize the importance of considering the intellectual context of an era to better understand the paths through which a topic, such as linguistic norms, was introduced in the country. This requires a sensitive look at the social thought of the Brazilian elite in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, who were responsible for adopting a standard norm based on models of the European Portuguese variety. We have found that: (i) The history of debates on language in Brazil is marked by a strong continuity with foreign scientific theories, which, from today's perspective, led to racist practices in society; (ii) To overcome the Brazilian normative imbroglio, it is necessary to rigorously critique the rules of the current standard norm "cleaning up” what is incompatible with our current educated reality.
The South Korean music industry is characterized by multilingualism in its compositions and interactions with global audiences. This study investigates the use of code-mixing, code-switching, and Konglish, from a translanguaging perspective, in K-pop. For this, we conducted qualitative bibliographical research (Gil, 2010) on Hallyu (Moon, 2023), Transnational Proximity (Jin, 2023), Translanguaging (Li, 2018; Li; Lee, 2023), code-mixing (Muysken, 2000), code-switching (Poplack, 2000), and Konglish (Park, 2021; Fayzrakhmanova, 2023). The analysis focuses on the mini album 19.99 by the group BoyNextDoor, considering linguistic choices, commercial impact, and achievements at awards ceremonies. In addition, we analyzed public reception through comments on the MVs (Music Videos) of “Dangerous” and “Nice Guy” on YouTube. The results indicate that translanguaging in K-pop contributes to intercultural communication and identity formation. By being associated with the production of music accessible to global audiences, it participates in the process of glocalization (Jang, 2023). Thus not only extends reach and interaction but also plays a crucial role in the global spread of South Korean culture and transnational consumption practices. In this way, it promotes identification and meaningful connection between listeners around the world.
This article proposes the concept of Crucial Communication, drawing on the work of Grenny et al. (2023), and defines it as interactions in which two or more individuals engage with sensitive or polemical issues, characterized by divergent perspectives, significant interests, and intense emotional involvement. The study seeks to identify the elements that allow for the formulation of a concept capable of integrating discourse studies, rhetorical argumentation, and polemics, thereby strengthening discursive practice. It is based on the hypothesis that crucial communication may function as an integrative concept, articulating theory and practice in a dialogical and accessible manner. The discussion is grounded in postdoctoral research (2024–2025) conducted within the Graduate Program in Philology and Portuguese Language at the University of São Paulo, under the supervision of Professor Dr. Maria Inês Batista Campos Noel Ribeiro. The objectives included proposing the concept of crucial communication, constructing its theoretical foundation, and reflecting on a discursive ethics oriented toward interactions marked by high relevance and risk. The methodology is exploratory, theoretical, and qualitative, relying on a literature review and on the systematization of conceptual statements that support the viability of the proposed concept. The theoretical framework is anchored in the perspective of dialogical rhetorical analysis, resulting from the intersection of Bakhtin’s dialogism (2010; 2011; 2013) and Volóchinov’s contributions (2017a; 2017b), the New Rhetoric of Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (2005), and discursive approaches developed by Paveau (2017) and Charaudeau (2008), as well as by Nascimento (2018; 2024a; 2024b). The article argues that crucial communication cannot be reduced to mediation techniques, but should be understood as a situated discursive practice capable of guiding interlocutors in contexts of tension, relevance, and emotional involvement, fostering ethical negotiations of meanings, values, and interpretations.
Libras, legislation, and discursive event
This paper aims to analyze the legislation approving the recognition of Libras as a discursive event. Specifically, we aim to analyze how the event is worked through in its unfolding, based on the circulation and confrontation of meanings on social media. The study is based on French Discourse Analysis, with Pècheux-esque affiliation. Our discursive corpus consists of materials collected from digital posts published on the official profile of the Federal Senate on Facebook regarding the bill (PL) created in 2020, which addresses bilingual education for the deaf, and the constitutional amendment (PEC) of 2021, which provides for the officialization of Libras alongside Portuguese; besides a material collected from Instagram that consists of claiming the enforcement of the laws of Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) and the respect for the rights of the deaf. From our analytical gestures, we observe that the enactment of Libras legislation, as a language policy, establishes the political in discourse, with intense circulation-confrontation of formulations in social and digital networks, along with the division of meanings.