Latin American Journal of Energy Research
A Lajer - Latin American Journal of Energy Research é uma revista científica de acesso aberto, completamente gratuita em todas suas etapas, com periodicidade quadrimestral (janeiro-abril, maio-agosto e setembro-dezembro), e-ISSN 2358-2286 e DOI 10.21712. A Lajer tem classificação B2 nas áreas: Interdisciplinar, Engenharias I, Engenharias IV, Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Design e Ciências Agrárias I, <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">quadriênio 2017-2020, <a style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: #ffffff; color: #006798; font-family: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" href="https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/veiculoPublicacaoQualis/listaConsultaGeralPeriodicos.jsf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Qualis Periódicos da Capes<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); font-family: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">. São publicados artigos científicos originais correlatos com o tema de energia abordando as temáticas: a) Petróleo e Gás Natural, b) Geologia e Geofísica, c) Engenharias, d) Eficiência Energética, e) Energias de Baixo Carbono (renováveis), e f) Transição Energética. A submissão, e todas as etapas, é online e realizado via a plataforma OJS/PKP. Em no máximo 15 dias os autores são informados sobre o status da submissão efetuada. Após a avaliação, os artigos aceitos são enquadrados no formato Lajer com atribuição do DOI. A revista está cadastrada no Portal de Periódicos Capes e em diversas bases indexadoras. A escrita abreviada é "Lat. Am. J. Energy Res." (Fonte: Paperpile).
O autor, no ato da submissão do artigo, transfere o direito autoral ao periódico.
Proposição de princípios orientadores para uma transição energética justa
O desenvolvimento econômico e social dos países é altamente dependente da regularização de um suprimento energético eficiente. Diante das projeções futuras de aumento da demanda global por energia, são necessárias estratégias que auxiliem os gestores políticos para alcançar a transição energética de forma que seja justa, sustentável e democrática. Assim, esse trabalho objetivou elencar dez princípios norteadores, que os entes federativos devem levar em consideração para alcançar essa transição energética. Para isso buscas foram realizadas em Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, e IPEA. Como resultados, foram demonstradas pesquisas que listaram princípios relacionados ao tema. E construído os princípios desta pesquisa, sendo: acessibilidade; investimentos, linhas de crédito e incentivos fiscais; sustentabilidade ambiental; sustentabilidade financeira; empregabilidade, realocação e capacitação de mão-de-obra; políticas; coordenação internacional; confiabilidade e oferta energética diversificada; sociedade civil e intervenções bem-sucedidas. Os princípios propostos podem trazer novos elementos para a tomada de decisões relacionada às questões energéticas atuais.
Copyright (c) 2024 Latin American Journal of Energy Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Assessment of the impact on pollutant reduction through the implementation of a CNG Corridor in Maranhão
This study investigates the impact of replacing diesel with Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) on pollutant reduction in the state of Maranhão. The research highlights a significant decrease in emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and local pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC). Based on the analysis of data from the Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals Estimation System (SEEG), it was possible to quantify a reduction of approximately 3g/km of CO2 when replacing diesel with CNG. Additionally, a CNG refueling infrastructure is proposed, based on the supply forecast for the second half of 2024, which is mapped and analyzed. This study reinforces the importance of policies to encourage the use of CNG to promote more sustainable and less polluting transportation in Maranhão.
Analysis of wind energy demand and supply scenarios for the triennium 2021-2023: comparisons with the PNE 2050
Wind energy gained prominence on the national scene as a renewable source, with significant cooperation in the Brazilian energy matrix in the last decade. With regard to the energy planning process, the National Energy Plan (PNE 2050), published in 2020, emerges as an initiative capable of defining the trajectories and goals for the transformation of the Brazilian energy sector, which includes the demand, supply and financial contribution scenarios provided by wind power generation. To this end, the methodology used was qualitative and quantitative, based on official data, current public policies, specialized doctrine and technical documents published by the official agencies of the Brazilian energy regulatory sector. On this basis, this paper explores the scenarios involving wind energy in Brazil from 2021 to 2023. The development of the contribution of wind power sources is in a positive context, with percentage growth higher than expected, and the annual increases were the highlights with the highest percentages of variation, although the officialization of regulatory frameworks and challenges will require subsidies in the coming decades.
Bibliometrix applied to computational simulation for wind generator
This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of computational simulations in wind turbine projects, addressing their pivotal role amid growing demands for renewable energy and engineering project optimization. The primary objective is to discern trends, focal areas, and global collaboration networks. Utilizing Scopus and Web of Science databases, supported by CAPES, all pertinent publications on computational simulations in wind turbine projects were scrutinized. Bibliometric metrics were analyzed using the bibliometrix library in R. Findings reveal a increase in publications since 2022, particularly in aerodynamic optimization and offshore projects. Leading contributors are universities, research centers across Europe, North America, and prominently China. Co-authorship networks underscore significant collaborations among global academic institutions. Key terms such as "computational modeling," "CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)," and "wind turbine" predominate in literature. The analysis confirms the escalating significance of computational simulations in wind turbine projects, underscored by burgeoning publications and international partnerships. Integration of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning into market practices is evident. This study serves as a foundational resource for future researchers and industry stakeholders, identifying promising avenues and areas necessitating further exploration.
Optimal allocation and sizing of electrical substations using the crow search algorithm
The continuous increase in global demand for electrical energy has driven significant momentum in the energy sector worldwide. As highlighted in the latest report by the International Energy Agency (2022), the demand for electricity in 2021 reached an impressive 24,700 TWh, marking a 6% increase compared to the previous year, representing the largest growth since 2010. This context underscores the need for a robust and reliable electrical distribution system capable of meeting this growing demand without compromising service due to potential system inadequacies. In this regard, this paper proposes a novel approach to addressing the challenge of optimal allocation and sizing of electrical substations in distribution systems, based on the intelligence of crows, through the Crow Search Algorithm (CSA). Additionally, the developed method also organizes the connection of electrical substations to load centers. The primary objective is to minimize the overall costs of the substation allocation and sizing project, considering a set of technical and operational objectives and constraints. The metaheuristic tests were conducted on a distribution system presented in the literature, which includes 38 load centers and 6 existing substations, allowing for the establishment of different application scenarios of the method. The results indicate that the CSA is a promising method for solving the problem of optimal allocation and sizing of electrical substations.
Numerical modeling and experimental validation of a passive solar distillation of ethanol
The increasing global demand for sustainable energy solutions highlights the potential of solar energy, a clean and abundant resource, for industrial processes such as distillation. This study investigates the passive solar distillation of ethanol mixed with a small fraction of oil, utilizing a phenomenological model validated against experimental data. Solar energy was employed to heat the mixture, capitalizing on its environmental benefits and cost-effectiveness, particularly in regions with high solar irradiation. Experiments were conducted with initial ethanol volumes of 500 mL, 750 mL, and 1000 mL, with temperature and distillate mass measured throughout the distillation process. The model accurately predicted the temperatures of the basin, ethanol, and glass cover, as well as the distillate mass, with prediction errors below 6%. Results indicate that solar radiation and wind speed significantly influence thermal efficiency, which ranged from 18.9% to 26%. It was achieved an average productivity of 4500 to 6500 mL/day·m² of distillate ethanol. The model’s accurate predictions of distillate production demonstrate its potential as a valuable tool for optimizing passive solar distillation systems.
Viscosity reduction of water-in-oil emulsion by phase inversion: surfactants performance and characterization
The phase inversion technique has received attention in the petroleum industry in order to decrease energy consumption. Crude oil emulsions with model brine solutions containing 1.5% wt NaCl and 1.0 wt.% surfactants were produced and evaluated on electrical conductivity, kinetic stability, microstructure and rheology. It was found that phase inversion occurred in the range of 20-40 wt.% of brine. Emulsions having 10-40 wt.% of brine and Triton-X-100 manifested lower phase separation than without surfactant or with Tween 80, while oil-in-water emulsions having 50 and 60 wt.% of brine and Triton-X-100 achieved the lowest value of viscosity. Thus, these results elucidate the influence of selected parameters on emulsions properties aiming to improve mobility and flowability by phase inversion of high viscous water-in-oil emulsion.
Economia do mar capixaba: um estudo do setor de petróleo e gás natural offshore no estado do Espírito Santo
O Espírito Santo é um dos estados brasileiros mais importantes na produção de petróleo e gás natural, com destaque, principalmente, na produção offshore. Tem o maior complexo portuário da América Latina em número de portos, foi o primeiro estado a produzir na camada pré-sal, tem forte participação no comércio exterior do país e há alguns anos apresenta crescimentos superiores à média nacional, além de outras características e vocações naturais que o destacam nos setores industrial, agropecuário e de serviços. O setor de petróleo e gás natural offshore é um dos principais responsáveis pelo Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) capixaba, gerando empregos e receitas significativas através de royalties e participações especiais. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho, de natureza qualitativa, elaborado a partir de múltiplas fontes de informação, com ênfase na utilização de dados secundários provenientes de livros, artigos, teses, da Agência de Regulação de Serviços Públicos do Estado do Espírito Santo (ARSP), do Instituto Jones dos Santos Neves (IJSN) e outros, tem como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico econômico do setor de petróleo e gás natural offshore no Espírito Santo e sua importância para a economia do mar. Os resultados evidenciam uma participação majoritária de grandes empresas na exploração do petróleo e gás natural offshore no estado, um cenário crescente da produtividade para os próximos anos e um direcionamento de esforços públicos na formulação de políticas econômicas e estratégias de desenvolvimento do setor, aliadas à sustentabilidade ambiental. A exploração de novas áreas em águas profundas e ultra profundas se constitui em uma das perspectivas para aumentar a produção no futuro.
Estudo da transição energética no estado do Espírito Santo a partir de fontes renováveis de energia offshore
No ano de 2022, a participação da emissão de gases de efeito estufa no Brasil, por parte do setor energético, foi de 18%, o que representou uma queda significativa se comparada com, por exemplo, 32% em 2010. Tal mudança foi proveniente, em parte, pela entrada de fontes renováveis de energia como a eólica e a solar. Por sua vez, a situação no estado do Espírito Santo é mais delicada e requer cada vez mais incentivos a estudos relacionados a mudança na matriz energética estadual, uma vez que ela é extremamente fóssil e dependente dos setores de petróleo, gás natural e carvão mineral. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente artigo é analisar as possibilidades de recursos energéticos renováveis, especialmente os provenientes do mar e os desafios de desenvolvimento de uma indústria de energia renovável no Espírito Santo. Como procedimentos metodológicos, foram utilizadas a pesquisa bibliográfica (leitura de livros, artigos etc.) e a pesquisa documental (dados da Agência de Regulação de Serviços Públicos do Estado do Espírito Santo - ARSP, do Instituto Jones dos Santos Neves - IJSN, dentre outros). Os principais resultados indicam que há a necessidade de investimentos por parte do capital privado e do setor púbico na formação/desenvolvimento de uma indústria renovável de energia, de formação de mão de obra qualificada e de uma adequada governança regulatória. Além disso, salienta-se que somente ter os recursos não implica em sua imediata utilização, o uso dos recursos deve ter viabilidade socioeconômica e ambiental.
Análise técnica e econômica entre veículos elétricos e veículos a combustão interna
This article presents a case study for a family living in the city of Campo Grande – MS in which a technical and economic comparative proposal is made between the use of internal combustion vehicles (VCI) and electric vehicles (EV), 2023 models, in 4 different categories. Case 1 involves the analysis of the Fiat Mobi Like and Jac e-JS1 subcompacts. Case 2, the compact Hyundai HB20 Sense and Peugeot E-208 GT. Case 3, the midsize Nissan Versa Sen-se and BYD Dolphin GS 180EV. Case 4 for the large Nissan Leaf Tekna and Toyota Corolla Cross XR 20. The hypotheses of using or not using a photovoltaic system connected to the grid (SFVCR) and 3 scenarios based on the daily distance covered by the EV are analyzed, being 10
Análise da viabilidade econômica da injeção de vapor a partir da água produzida no poço Araçás Bahia
In Brazil, especially in the Northeast region, there is a large number of heavy oil reservoirs where recovery through conventional methods has proven inefficient. In this context, thermal recovery, particularly steam injection, has been widely employed, as heat reduces oil viscosity, significantly facilitating its displacement. This study aims to present an economic analysis of steam injection in oil wells using produced water. To use produced water as steam in heavy oil recovery, treatment is required to remove contaminants, for which an appropriate treatment system has been proposed. The study was conducted in the Araçás field, Bahia, where one hour of steam injection operation was analyzed using water supplied by the local water network to unclog a producing well due to paraffin precipitation along the production column. In light of this, costs and benefits were analyzed for using produced water as a fluid, both for such processes and for heavy oil recovery.
Engenharia de hibernação e o método Bow Tie: melhoria na gestão de riscos para maior integridade de um sistema de pull in/out
Integrity risks are present throughout the life cycle of an asset, including when in a temporary deactivation regime, called hibernation. In this study, it was found that during the hibernation of a pull in/out winch, used for connection/disconnection of offshore oil lines, there were failures in the management of integrity risks, which led to loss of profit, environmental impact and injury. Thus, the objective was to structure, in the light of the Bow Tie methodology, barriers to degradation in order to improve integrity for future operations. To this end, a qualitative approach was adopted based on literature review, field and documentary survey, in addition to the techniques of APR (Preliminary Risk Analysis), Risk Matrix and AAF (Failure Analysis Tree) to help the collection and analysis of data for the construction of the Bow Tie diagram. The Soft DSR (Soft Design Science Research) method proved to be adequate for the stages of this methodological approach. The result was a more robust degradation risk management, based on the solution consolidated in a Bow Tie diagram and an action plan, structured in 15 preventive barriers and 14 mitigation/recovery barriers, with reflections on safety and equipment readiness.
Microalgae and low carbon energy production: a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels
Due to the high global energy demand and environmental problems resulting from the burning of fossil fuels, today's society is embarking on a search for new, more sustainable energy sources, among which biomass stands out, with special attention being paid to microalgae. In addition to providing essential metabolites for the production of biofuels, microalgae can be grown in photovoltaic panels, obtaining solar energy through photosynthesis. Despite the substantial number of studies, obtaining biofuels from microalgae still faces some limitations. This study seeks to evaluate the technical and economic viability of using microalgae as a raw material for obtaining energy, in addition to presenting alternatives to overcome the limitations of the process.
Pedro Henrique Prado de Carvalho Vidal Parente
Revisão dos avanços normativos e aspectos regulatórios sobre hidrogênio verde, combustíveis sintéticos e captura de carbono no Brasil
Synthetic fuels have gained prominence as a promising alternative for the global energy transition. However, high production costs, the need for technical advancements to improve efficiency, along with the lack of supportive government policies, incentives, and regulatory frameworks, delay the implementation of these fuels. In Brazil, regulatory advances such as the Green Hydrogen Legal Framework are beginning to emerge, paving the way for the country to develop public policies that promote synthetic fuel technologies and foster diversification of the energy matrix. Thus, this article presents an analysis of regulatory and policy advances related to the development and implementation of sustainable technologies in Brazil, focusing on three areas: green hydrogen, synthetic fuels, and carbon capture. Government initiatives, state policies, financial incentives, research support, standardization and certification of green hydrogen, regulations and incentives for synthetic fuels, as well as regulatory aspects of carbon capture were analyzed. Since these are relatively new topics in Brazil, the article addresses ongoing initiatives to enable the development of these technologies in the country. Additionally, examples of regulations and policies adopted in other countries are presented.
FMEA quality method: a study of its application to the embroidery process in a regional company
With the increase in competitiveness in the market and the rigorous way in which companies have analyzed their processes in order to make them more efficient and assertive, quality management has become an important area of study for managers and organizations to find methodologies and techniques that can elucidate their process and reduce recurring and possible failures in their production system. In this context, FMEA is an important auxiliary tool for mapping faults and errors in a process, revealing its adversities and proposing solutions to improve the company's efficiency and assertiveness. With this, FMEA is based on one of the principles of quality management: full customer satisfaction, with a view to reducing costs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the embroidery process of a regional company in São Paulo, taking into account the use of FMEA as a tool for identifying and characterizing faults and errors in the process, in order to establish corrective actions to improve production. Therefore, despite the fact that the company does not use any quality control measures, the relevance that FMEA can bring to the organization is determined from the tabulation of problems in its processes and the development of objectively implementable solutions, reinforcing the effectiveness and adaptability of this tool.
A review on microgrids for the distributed integration of renewable hydrogen production with the power system
Technological advancements in the power system, coupled with the electrification of various sectors, decarbonization policies, and solutions for conflicting demands in the electrical sector, have driven the integration of new distributed resources, increasing the system’s complexity. In this context, microgrids stand out as a new power system operational paradigm, along with hydrogen production via clean energy-based electrolysis as a promising source of alternative and renewable resources. However, there are few studies that specifically explore the potential of microgrids as a vector for large-scale distributed production of renewable hydrogen. This article provides a comprehensive review of the different power system dimensions, systematically assessing this potential. An updated overview of the most widely accepted definitions of microgrids is presented, highlighting applicable hydrogen technologies, whether to be used as a primary source, storage method, fuel, or main product. Additionally, examples of studies and projects that contribute to the technical and economic feasibility of microgrids as a means of integrating hydrogen production into the power system are discussed.
Carbon capture: advances and challenges of technologies in the energy context
Carbon capture has emerged as a crucial strategy to mitigate climate change, balancing economic development and environmental preservation. Focused on reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, there are technologies aimed at capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from emitting sources before it is released into the atmosphere, enabling its storage in geological formations or its reuse in the production of high-value products, such as synthetic fuels. Combined with international climate policies, such as the Paris Agreement, and the carbon market, carbon capture complements renewable sources and promotes technological innovation. Despite the technical and economic challenges, its application is essential for a sustainable energy transition, reinforcing decarbonization and contributing to tackling climate change. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies, addressing their potential, limitations, and role in the transition to a low-carbon economy.
Modeling two-phase flow in converging channels using deformable and fixed methods to describe the interface
Several methods have been developed in recent years for the solution of free surface flows. These methods can be divided into two main categories: moving grid methods (also known as Lagrangian or interface tracking methods), and fixed grid methods (also known as Eulerian or interface capturing methods). In the first approach the mesh has grid points on the interface and each computational cell contains the same fluid phase. The principal advantages are the simplification of the imposition of boundary conditions on the interface and the high accuracy of the description of the interface configuration and curvature, therefore, this method should be used to solve problems in which capillary forces are important. In the second approach, the boundary of a two-fluid interface is implicitly “captured” solving a scalar equation – pseudo-concentration method (Thompson, 1986) – on the entire stationary grid, i.e. there is a predefined grid that does not move with the interface. The interface may undergo large deformations, and it is relatively straightforward to handle multiple interfaces. However, the high accuracy of the description of the interface configuration is lost. In this paper, the performance of both approaches is compared by analyzing the interface between two Newtonian liquids flowing in two convergent channels that merge into a single channel. The effect of the flow rate of each liquid and viscosity ratio are analyzed. The differential equations that describe the flow are solved by Galerkin/FEM.
Análise dos custos da qualidade na manutenção de plataformas de petróleo:
A estratificação de custos é uma técnica crucial para a gestão financeira de qualquer empresa. Essa abordagem permite identificar as principais fontes de despesas e propor soluções com base em indicadores e na gestão da qualidade total. No entanto, muitas empresas enfrentam dificuldades na implementação dessas técnicas devido à complexidade dos processos e à falta de ferramentas adequadas. Dentre as técnicas disponíveis atualmente no mercado, a Inteligência de Negócios (Business Intelligence - BI) permite que as organizações visualizem e interpretem grandes volumes de dados, facilitando a identificação de padrões e tendências que podem impactar diretamente a eficiência operacional. Dessa forma, a pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar uma análise acerca da estratificação de custos de manutenção em plataformas de petróleo por meio da utilização do BI. Os resultados mostraram que por meio das análises, a empresa conseguiu melhorar a eficiência operacional, reduzir o tempo de inatividade e antecipar problemas potenciais antes que se tornassem críticos. A análise visual por meio dos gráficos interativos e indicadores auxiliaram os gestores e equipes técnicas a identificar áreas de melhoria e a tomar decisões baseadas em dados precisos e atualizados. Além disso, a análise detalhada dos custos permitiu uma avaliação do retorno sobre os investimentos em manutenção preventiva versus corretiva, incentivando a adoção de estratégias que prolonguem a vida útil dos equipamentos e reduzam a necessidade de reparos emergenciais.
Copyright (c) 2025 Latin American Journal of Energy Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Dimensionamento de um vaso separador trifásico horizontal para uma FPSO no pré-sal da Bacia de Santos: aplicação de um modelo semiempírico
With the advancement of exploration technologies in pre-salt fields and the increasing demand for petroleum derivatives, oil processing and refining stages have become increasingly relevant. Crude oil is typically found as a heterogeneous oily mixture, requiring separation and refining processes to obtain high-value-added byproducts. In primary processing, separator vessels play a crucial role in phase separation of the inlet stream and can be classified according to their orientation (vertical or horizontal) and the number of separated phases (two-phase or three-phase). The choice of configuration depends on the characteristics of the feed stream to be processed. In this context, this study aimed to implement a semi-empirical model for sizing a horizontal three-phase separator vessel in an FPSO located in the pre-salt of the Santos Basin. After a literature review, the sizing model proposed by Stewart and Arnold (2008) was adopted. In this model, the vessel dimensions are directly related to operational conditions and the physicochemical properties of the fluids. Consequently, any changes in these parameters can significantly impact the estimated geometry of the equipment. The results obtained using this model allowed for the determination of dimensions close to actual values. It is noteworthy that the correct sizing of this equipment is essential to ensure the efficiency of fluid phase separation and the proper classification of the feed for subsequent processes. Finally, given the applicability of the model and the relevance of the topic, the use of algorithms to automate calculations—along with the sizing of nozzles (inlet and outlet) and elliptical heads, as well as the definition of internal devices—would contribute to increasing the accuracy of results and providing greater flexibility in simulating different geometries.
Simulação da produção de biodiesel via destilação reativa: avaliação de parâmetros operacionais no Aspen Plus®
Given the increasing investment in renewable energy sources to meet population demand and promote environmental conservation, biofuel production has gained prominence in energy sector research. In particular, biodiesel production stands out due to its high yield, achieved through the conversion of vegetable- or animal-derived oils. The transesterification reaction is the primary process for biodiesel production and can be conducted using different approaches, such as reactive distillation. This technique allows for the integration of reaction and chemical separation stages within a single unit, optimizing energy use and reducing biodiesel purification costs. In this context, this study aimed to perform a computational simulation of the transesterification reaction via reactive distillation to assess the feasibility of biodiesel production using the Aspen Plus® simulator. The key parameters influencing biofuel conversion were analyzed, such as the conversion of reactants relative to the added alcohol (alcohol-to-oil ratio) and reflux ratio. Under optimal conditions, a biodiesel conversion of 89.1% was achieved, using a reflux ratio of 0.2, a methanol-to-oil ratio of 15:1, and a methanol feed flow rate of 96.75 kmol/h, resulting in a biodiesel molar flow rate of 18.186 kmol/h in the product stream.
Analysis of the economic impacts of the legal framework for distributed generation law 14,300/22 on photovoltaic systems
In January 2022, Law No. 14,300 (Legal Framework for Distributed Generation) introduced significant changes to the compensation system and rules for consumers with distributed generation (DG). This study evaluates the impacts of the new law on micro and mini photovoltaic generation plants, covering the generation process, regulatory changes, and case studies with feasibility analysis based on scenarios from REN No. 482/2012 and Law No. 14,300, considering both upfront and financed payments. The results show that, for residential microgeneration, Law No. 14,300 increased the payback period and reduced financial indicators, such as net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and return on investment (ROI), especially in financing scenarios. Conversely, mini-generation experienced improvements in these indicators, highlighting advantages for larger-scale projects, which became more attractive and economically viable.
Brendeson Sá Barrêto do Rosário Pinheiro dos Santos
Surface condensation risk evaluation in light steel framing walls using ISO 13788:2012
In recent years, Light Steel Framing (LSF) system has been increasing in Brazil. Despite numerous advantages when compared with the conventional construction system, such as the agility of the construction process, when inadequately designed, buildings can have their hygrothermal behavior penalized. Pathologies, such as surface condensation, can lead to degradation of the building envelope, and compromise indoor air quality. Thus, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the risk of surface condensation in a specific type of LSF system envelope, in an artificially conditioned environment, in bioclimatic zones 1 and 2 of Brazil. The evaluation uses the methodology described in the ISO 13788 (2012) standard. The methodology employed in this study consists of the conduction of computational simulations of a vertical enclosure within the LSF system using the THERM software. The evaluated configuration presented a risk of surface condensation in both regions. Among the strategies to reduce the effects of thermal bridges and the consequent risk of condensation in the panels, the one that presented the best results is the application of EPS thermal break strips.
Otimizando as redes de distribuição de gás natural
Aiming for the energy transition, Brazil, like the entire World, intends to make its energy matrix cleaner. This Paper addresses, how the issue of using already consolidated natural gas infrastructure can be adapted to a combination with hydrogen, in the specific case of Brazil, first, through the use of natural gas combined with biomethane. To this end, a bibliographical review of existing projects in the World and Brazil is carried out. The conclusion is that, in the Brazilian case, given the requirement of the law, the injection of hydrogen by 2025 will be 5% and by 2050, 10%, using an existing natural gas network, but, beginning with the and requiring a technical review of the condition of this infrastructure for this purpose.
Potencial e perspectivas do uso da energia eólica no estado do Espírito Santo
A crescente demanda energética mundial e nacional, associada à necessidade de conservação dos recursos naturais, requer o aumento da capacidade de geração por meio de fontes menos poluentes. O estado do Espírito Santo apresenta condições favoráveis à geração de energia eólica, incluindo um extenso território costeiro, porém, ainda não possui geração por essa fonte. Dessa forma, objetivou-se analisar o potencial eólico do Espírito Santo, comparativamente ao seu consumo e à sua geração de energia elétrica, além de perspectivas do uso dessa fonte no estado. Estudos técnicos apontam para a existência de uma potência instalável de cerca de 269.269 MW, sendo 127.189 MW para torres de 200 m de altura em ambiente onshore e 142.080 MW para torres de 100 m de altura e com até 50 m de profundidade em ambiente offshore, no estado. Verificou-se que o aproveitamento de apenas 3,5% do potencial onshore, 3,1% do potencial offshore e 1,6% do potencial somado (onshore e offshore) seriam suficientes para suprir o consumo de energia elétrica do estado. A exploração de, respectivamente, 1,7%; 1,5%; e 0,8% do potencial eólico onshore, offshore e somado, por sua vez, seriam equivalentes à geração de energia elétrica do estado. Há expectativas para o início da geração eólica no estado, uma vez que existem seis empreendimentos eólicos offshore, que somam uma potência de aproximadamente 11.230 MW, e um empreendimento híbrido (eólico, solar e diesel) onshore em processo de licenciamento ambiental junto ao IBAMA. Assim, o aproveitamento de parte desse expressivo potencial poderia promover a diversificação e independência da matriz elétrica do Espírito Santo, por meio de uma fonte de baixo carbono.
Motivações dos usuários para a implantação de sistemas de energia solar fotovoltáica
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as motivações dos usuários para a implantação de sistemas de energia solar fotovoltaica. Os dados foram sistematizados no SPSS 20 e submetidos a uma análise estatística descritiva. Para as variáveis relacionadas às motivações para a utilização do sistema de energia solar e a escolha da empresa que executou o projeto de implantação da energia solar foi realizada uma análise de correlação, no caso o Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman, (a um nível de significância de p<0,05). Os respondentes da pesquisa podem ser caracterizados como indivíduos majoritariamente do sexo masculino (78,62%), casados (81,08%) ensino médio incompleto (32,43%) e superior completo (27,03%), ou seja, entendeu-se após o levantamento de dados que a redução do custo de energia, taxas de juros atrativas, facilidade em financiar, são motivações econômicas que estimulam o consumidor, além de que as questões socioambientais (quais) e diminuição do impacto, assuntos que estão em voga ultimamente, fazem com que o consumidor opte pela energia fotovoltaica, tornando um ponto positivo tanto para o cliente como para o meio ambiente. Esse sistema contribui para a produção de energia elétrica mais limpa e para a sustentabilidade.
Trends and research fronts in fuel consumption forecasting: a bibliometric analysis
Fuel consumption forecasting is a vital tool for energy planning, economic management, and public policy development. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to identify trends, research fronts, and collaboration networks in the field of fuel consumption forecasting. A total of 5,025 documents from the Scopus database were analyzed using bibliometric methodologies, including keyword co-occurrence network analysis and S-curve projection. The results indicate an annual scientific production growth rate of 8.64% and suggest that the field may reach saturation by 2030. The findings highlight key research trends, such as the increasing use of artificial intelligence and machine learning to enhance predictive accuracy, as well as the integration of macroeconomic indicators like GDP and fuel price elasticity. Geographically, China, the United States, and India lead global scientific output, reflecting the strategic importance of fuel consumption forecasting in economic and environmental decision-making. The study also identifies gaps in interdisciplinary research and limited focus on integrating big data and real-time analytics into forecasting models. In conclusion, while fuel consumption forecasting has become a mature research field, further studies should explore emerging technologies and hybrid predictive models to improve accuracy and adaptability. These insights contribute to advancing methodologies and guiding future research agendas in energy management and policy-making.
Avaliação da viabilidade de biodigestores aeróbios para o tratamento de resíduos orgânicos em ambiente industrial
A chemical industry located in Cubatão generates approximately 0.45 tons of organic waste daily, primarily composed of food scraps and other residues that are disposed of in landfills without segregation. In recent years, aerobic biodigesters have emerged as a sustainable solution for treating this waste due to their environmental benefits and the production of reusable by-products, such as wash water. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of implementing biodigesters in an industrial kitchen, analyzing their advantages and challenges, as well as suggesting suitable models for application. Data provided by the company were considered, including the number of employees who have their meals on-site, the amount of food prepared daily, and the discarded fraction. The results indicate that adopting an aerobic biodigester is a viable alternative, offering environmental benefits aligned with the company's sustainability guidelines. Additionally, this system stands out for its efficiency in space management, operational practicality, fast processing, and lower environmental impact compared to conventional disposal methods.
Application of the IoT concept and open-source platforms for condition monitoring of low voltage electrical panels
In an increasingly dynamic, complex and competitive market, an adequate maintenance strategy is essential for companies to get their processes and equipment operating safely and reliably, in aiming to meet quality requirements and reduce overall costs. In this assumption, the implementation of condition monitoring solutions plays an important role in Maintenance Management. This work aims to present a development of a low-cost equipment prototype based on IoT (Internet of Things) concepts and technologies with the application of an ESP32 microcontroller and open-source platforms intending to monitor electrical and environmental data from an electrical panel, as well as using the concept of Big Data for the construction of a model for providing data for health prognosis and failure prediction of electrical equipment. Bench tests and sensor calibration were conducted to validate the consistency of sensor readings and for guarantee the measurement in the database. For installation in an industrial environment, thresholds were set for each variable in a monitoring software which allows for sending alerts, identifying measurement deviations and composing maintenance/performance indicators based on electric current, voltage, humidity, temperature, pressure, active power, reactive power and power factor, besides opening/closing some equipment and physical MCC doors.
Copyright (c) 2026 Latin American Journal of Energy Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Wind Energy in Brazil and Preliminary Assessment of Wind Resources in Tangara da Serra, Mato Grosso State
The growing global demand for energy, driven by economic expansion, has intensified the search for sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. Among renewable energy sources, wind power has gained increasing relevance worldwide. In Brazil, installed wind energy capacity reached 33.3 GW in February 2025, distributed across 1,109 wind farms and accounting for 15.9% of the national electricity matrix, with an estimated potential ranging from 300 to 500 GW. This paper presents a literature review of wind energy production in Brazil and provides a preliminary assessment of the technical feasibility of installing wind turbines in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso State. The analysis draws on anemometric data from the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) and published studies. Results indicate that the mean annual wind speed in the region (~6 m/s at 50 m height) falls below the conventional threshold for economically viable wind generation (7–8 m/s), although low-wind-speed turbine technologies may improve this outlook.