Agenesia of internal carotid artery
case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/rbps.v26i1.51185Keywords:
Internal carotid artery, Collateral circulation, Circle of WillisAbstract
Introduction: Diseases associated with the carotid arterial system have become more prevalent, likely due to the increased availability of complementary diagnostic tests. Atherosclerotic disease stands out as the leading cause of clinical complications, particularly in stroke cases. However, congenital alterations are relevant and often remain asymptomatic until diagnosis. Internal carotid artery agenesis is rare and often diagnosed incidentally, yet holds significant clinical importance. Cerebral blood flow is typically maintained by compensatory mechanisms, such as the formation of collateral circulations through the Circle of Willis, persistence of embryonic arteries, or transcranial collaterals from the external carotid artery. Following diagnosis, it is essential to investigate the encephalic and carotid vascular system, as other malformations or anomalies may be present. Case report: A 52-year-old female patient, hypertensive and diabetic, in whom left internal carotid artery agenesis was diagnosed incidentally, highlighting the clinical significance of this condition and the importance of appropriate management and follow-up guidance. Conclusion: Internal carotid artery agenesis, although frequently asymptomatic, can be associated with severe complications such as aneurysms. Early diagnosis through imaging is crucial to differentiate from acquired stenosis and prevent complications, especially in patients with severe atherosclerosis. A thorough investigation of the carotid arteries allows for proper management and the selection of the correct treatment.
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