Dental anomalies associated with the development of colorectal cancer: integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/rbps.v23i2.34255Keywords:
Colorectal Cancer, Tooth Abnormalities, Axin Protein, APC Genes, Gardner SyndromeAbstract
Introduction: Both oligodontia/hypodontia and the presence of hyperdontia in Gardner’s Syndrome (GS) have been associated with the development of Colorectal Cancer (CRC), with involvement of the AXIN2 and APC genes, respectively. Under these conditions, the evolution to CRC occurs from pre-existing intestinal polyps. Objectives: To verify the presence of scientific evidence of the association of oligodontia / hypodontia and hyperdontia with CRC, as well as the prevalence of evolution to CRC in these cases. Methods: Integrative review with survey of studies in the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Scopus and Embase databases, without language and year restriction. Results: 16 articles were included - 10 oligodontia/hypodontia and 6 hyperdontia, all with molecular analysis for the genes. Of the 10 studies with mutations in the AXIN2 gene, 3 (30%) evolved to CRC. In GS in 1 study (16.6%) there was an evolution to CRC. Regarding anomalies, in GS, hyperdontia was reported in 4 studies and impacted teeth in 6 studies. In the 10 studies for the AXIN2 gene, oligodontia / hypodontia were reported, with the most absent teeth being the upper lateral incisor, premolars and molars. Conclusion: The prevalence of CRC was higher in patients with oligodontia/hypodontia. Although it is not yet possible to associate the CRC with the presence of these dental anomalies, there are strong indicators of this correlation in the literature. For this reason, the role of the dental surgeon is essential in identifying patients with hyperdontia and oligodontia / hypodontia for referral and early screening and treatment of adenomatous polyps.
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