Filosofia sincrítica e poesia em Friedrich Von Hardenberg [Novalis]; Syncritic philosophy and poetry in Friedrich Von Hardenberg [Novalis]
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/sofia.v11i1.31891Keywords:
filosofia, natureza, poesia, sincriticismo, philosophy, nature, poetry, syncriticism, Deus, GodAbstract
Investigamos, no pensamento de Friedrich von Hardenberg (Novalis), como a poesia e filosofia se nutrem uma da outra, sendo a filosofia fonte de conceitos que permitem investigar o dinamismo do mundo natural e integrar os diversos saberes na enciclopédia e a poesia, a capacidade de atingir saberes intuitivos, superando os limites da filosofia. A poesia como capacidade de superar a oposição sujeito-objeto se desdobra na possibilidade de uma concepção não-dualista, neoplatônica de Deus, e na integração entre idealismo e realismo, via filosofia sincrítica, isto é, uma filosofia que aprendeu com a poesia. Também essa forma de arte se nutre da filosofia, para ser completa. Destacamos como Novalis já apresenta muitas intuições que serão encontradas no idealismo alemão: a importância da filosofia da natureza; a identidade entre sujeito e objeto; Deus como razão, ou absoluto; a superioridade da arte em relação à filosofia (como faz Schelling no Sistema do idealismo transcendental); a crítica à filosofia como sistema do Schelling tardio.
Abstract
We investigate, in Friedrich von Hardenberg’s thought, how Philosophy and poetry nourish one another. Philosophy is a source of concepts that enable the investigation of the natural world and its dynamic character, integrating many sources of knowledge in the encyclopedia. Poetry, on the other hand, reaches intuitive forms of knowledge, inaccessible to Philosophy alone. Poetry as a capacity of overcoming the subject-object opposition unfolds in the possibility of a nondualistic, Neoplatonic conception of God, and also in the integration between idealism and realism, by means of the syncritic Philosophy, i.e., a philosophy that has learnt from poetry. Poetry, on the other hand, can only become complete by means of philosophy. We emphasize how Novalis presents many insights that will be met in German Idealism: the
importance of the philosophy of nature; the identity between subject and object; God as reason; art conceived as superior to philosophy (Schelling in the System of Transcendental Idealism); late Schelling’ criticism of philosophy as a system.
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