Avaliação do ciclo de vida de produtos de base cimentícia: revisão crítica e perspectivas futuras
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/bjpe.v12i2.51621Palavras-chave:
Avaliação do ciclo de vida ou ACV, cimento, produtos cimentícios, resíduosResumo
A indústria da construção civil exerce um impacto ambiental significativo, sendo responsável por parte do consumo global de matérias-primas e emissões de gases de efeito estufa, agravado pelo uso de cimento e energia demandada em sua fabricação. Tais situações impulsionam estudos para quantificar esses danos, consolidando a Avaliação de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) como ferramenta técnica fundamental para essa mensuração. Nesse sentido, este estudo apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a ACV aplicada a produtos cimentícios, conduzida sob o rigor do protocolo PRISMA. A pesquisa abrangeu as bases Scopus e Web of Science (2014-2025). Após aplicação de critérios de elegibilidade fundamentados nas diretrizes das normas NBR ISO 14040 e 14044, e descartar abordagens superficiais, o portfólio final foi composto por 69 artigos (03 revisões e 66 originais). Os resultados deste trabalho indicam predominância de pesquisas sobre concreto (84%), e que a principal categoria estudada foi "potencial de aquecimento global" (83%). Contudo, foi identificado lacunas críticas: 44% dos trabalhos omitiram os métodos de impacto. Por fim, verifica-se que embora a ACV seja uma ferramenta consolidada, a área demanda maior padronização metodológica, inclusão de indicadores socioeconômicos e o aprofundamento de análises de sensibilidade.
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