Conditioning and triggering factors for landslide events in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil

Authors

  • Julia Frederica Effgen Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Laboratory for Monitoring and Modeling Environmental Systems (Lamosa) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-4149
  • Eberval Marchioro Department of Geography (DGEO), Graduate Program in Geography (PPGG), Federal University of Espírito Santo/Brazil (UFES), Coordinator of the Laboratory for Monitoring and Modeling Environmental Systems (Lamosa), Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0207-6087

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47456/geo.v5i41.48785

Keywords:

inventory, shallow slides, rainfall

Abstract

Every year, Brazil experiences landslides that result in widespread damage, several fatalities and disruption in the daily life of the affected population. In this study, we investigated the main types of landslides in Vitória, their conditioning and triggering factors, and spatial distribution. We compiled a landslide inventory from geological-geotechnical reports and tested the independence and correlation of conditioning and triggering causal factors and landslide events. The most common types of landslides in Vitória are shallow slides and rockfalls, clustered around the Central Massif and coastal hills, where talus deposits, residual soils, and rocky outcrops predominate. The main conditioning factors identified were man-made processes (e.g., defects in drainage systems and modifications in slope geometry) and ground conditions (e.g., weathered materials, contrast in permeability), while the main triggering factors are related to rainfall, especially the high prolonged precipitation events.

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Author Biographies

  • Julia Frederica Effgen, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Laboratory for Monitoring and Modeling Environmental Systems (Lamosa)

    Dr. Effgen holds a Bachelor's and a Licentiate’s degrees in Geography (completed in 2015), a Master's degree in Geography (completed in 2018, with funding from the Espírito Santo Research and Innovation Support Foundation) and a PhD in Geography (completed in 2023, with funding from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), all at the Federal University of Espírito Santo. During her doctorate, in 2021, she completed a doctoral internship at the University of South Carolina at the Hazards Vulnerability & Resilience Institute, with a Fulbright Brazil scholarship. She focuses on Geosciences, with emphasis on Geomorphology, with research developed on landslides, slope processes, disasters and social vulnerability. She is a member of the Laboratory for Monitoring and Modelling Environmental Systems (LAMOSA/UFES). She is currently a research fellow at Ipea (Institute of Applied Economic Research), in Brasília, working on projects at Dirur (Directorate of Regional, Urban and Environmental Studies and Policies).

  • Eberval Marchioro, Department of Geography (DGEO), Graduate Program in Geography (PPGG), Federal University of Espírito Santo/Brazil (UFES), Coordinator of the Laboratory for Monitoring and Modeling Environmental Systems (Lamosa), Brazil

    Dr. Marchioro holds a degree in Geography from the Federal University of Espírito Santo (completed in 1996), a master's degree in Geography from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (completed in 2002) and a PhD in Geography from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (completed in 2008). Currently, he’s an associate professor at the Federal University of Espírito Santo. He has experience in Geosciences, with an emphasis on Geomorphology, working mainly on the following topics: geomorphology, physical geography, watersheds, erosion and hydrogeomorphology. In 2022, he completed a post-doctorate in the Department of Geography and Spatial Planning at the University of Zaragoza, with Prof. Dr. Alfredo Ollero Ojeda. Representative of the Federal University of Espírito Santo at the Ibero-American Network for Territorial Observation (RIDOT).

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Relatórios geológicos-geotécnicos em unidades geotécnicas em Vitória

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Published

20-10-2025

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 41 (2025): Revista Geografares

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Papers

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How to Cite

Conditioning and triggering factors for landslide events in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Geografares, Vitória, Brasil, v. 5, n. 41, p. e-48785, 2025. DOI: 10.47456/geo.v5i41.48785. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufes.br/geografares/article/view/48785. Acesso em: 5 dec. 2025.