Correlação entre o índice de massa corporal e parâmetros de funcionalidade em idosos

Fernando Damasceno de Albuquerque Angelo; Luciano Machado Ferreira Tenório de Oliveira; Breno Quintela Farah; Caio Vinícius Gomes Mariano; Wellington Rodrigues da Silva Júnior; Valéria Mayaly Alves de  Oliveira; Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo; André Luiz Torres Pirauá

doi:10.47456/rbps.v26i1.42528

Authors

Fernando Damasceno de Albuquerque Angelo Universidade de Pernambuco
PhD Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
Breno Quintela Farah Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2286-5892
Caio Vinícius Gomes Mariano Centro Universitário Tabosa de Almeida
Wellington Rodrigues da Silva Júnior Centro Universitário Tabosa de Almeida https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5314-5890
Valéria Mayaly Alves de Oliveira Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo Universidade de Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6399-3201
André Luiz Torres Pirauá Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5257-4610

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47456/rbps.v26i1.42528

Keywords:

Older adults, Nutrology, Obesity, Muscle strength, Flexibility

Abstract

Introduction: The aging population has been increasing in recent years, and functional impairments in older adults, linked to various comorbidities, may raise mortality risks in this population. Additionally, another concern is the rise in obesity levels among older adults. However, it is still unclear to what extent body mass index can impact the functionality of older adults. Objective: To verify the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and functionality in older adults. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational correlational study. The sample consisted of 99 older adults of both sexes. BMI, functional mobility (Timed Up and Go test), isometric strength (handgrip dynamometer), functional muscle fitness (Sit and Stand test), and flexibility (Sit and Reach test) were assessed. Correlation analyses were performed using the Spearman test. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Body mass index was negatively correlated with flexibility (p < 0.001) and functional muscle fitness (p < 0.001), regardless of sex, age, and education. Muscle strength, functional mobility, and the number of falls showed no significant correlation. Conclusion: Older adults with higher obesity levels exhibited lower functional muscle fitness and flexibility.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ONU. World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, P. D. 2017.

Bangsbo J, Blackwell J, Boraxbekk CJ, Caserotti P, Dela F, Evans AB, Viña J. Copenhagen Consensus statement 2019: physical activity and ageing. Br J Sports Med. 2019;53(14):856-58. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100451.

McTigue KM, Hess R, Ziouras J. Obesity in older adults: A systematic review of the evidence for diagnosis and treatment. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006;14(9):1485-97. doi: 10.1038/oby.2006.171.

Goisser S, Kemmler W, Porzel S, Volkert D, Sieber CC, Bollheimer LC, Freiberger E. Sarcopenic obesity and complex interventions with nutrition and exercise in community-dwelling older persons – a narrative review. Clin Interv Aging. 2015;10:1267-82. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S82454.

Apovian CM, Frey CM, Wood GC, Rogers JZ, Still CD, Jensen GL. Body mass index and physical function in older women. Obes Res. 2002;10(8):740-47. doi: 10.1038/oby.2002.101.

Bannerman E, Miller MD, Daniels LA, Cobiac L, Giles LC, Whitehead C, et al. Anthropometric indices predict physical function and mobility in older Australians: the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Public Health Nutr. 2002;5(5):655-62. doi: 10.1079/PHN2002336.

Beavers KM, Miller ME, Rejeski WJ, Nicklas BJ, Kritchevsky SB. Fat mass loss predicts gain in physical function with intentional weight loss in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68(1):80-86. doi: 10.1093/gerona/gls092.

Villareal DT, Banks M, Sinacore DR, Siener C, Klein S. Effect of weight loss and exercise on frailty in obese older adults. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(8):860-66. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.8.860.

Bilski J, Pierzchalski P, Szczepanik M, Bonior J, Zoladz JA. Multifactorial mechanism of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity: role of physical exercise, microbiota, and myokines. Cells. 2022;11(1):160. doi: 10.3390/cells11010160.

Pirauá ALT, Cavalcante BR, Oliveira VMA, Beltrão NB, Amorim Batista G, Pitangui ACR, de Araújo RC. Effect of 24-week strength training on unstable surfaces on mobility, balance, and concern about falling in older adults. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019;29(11):1805-12. doi: 10.1111/sms.13510.

Davison KK, Ford ES, Cogswell ME, Dietz WH. Percentage of body fat and body mass index are associated with mobility limitations in people aged 70 and older from NHANES III. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50(11):1802-09. doi: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50508.x.

Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991;39(2):142-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x.

Farah B, Correia M, Rodrigues S, Cavalcante B, Ritti-Dias R. Reprodutibilidade da contração voluntária máxima de preensão manual em hipertensos adultos. Rev Bras Ativ Fis Saúde. 2014;19(5):590-97. doi: 10.12820/rbafs.v.19n5p590.

Davis JW, Ross PD, Preston SD, Nevitt MC, Wasnich RD. Strength, physical activity, and body mass index: relationship to performance-based measures and activities of daily living among older Japanese women in Hawaii. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998;46(3):274-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb01037.x.

Araújo CGS. Teste de sentar-levantar: apresentação de um procedimento para avaliação em Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 1999;5(5):179-82. doi: 10.1590/S1517-86921999000500004.

Sternfeld B, Ngo L, Satariano WA, Tager IB. Associations of body composition with physical performance and self-reported functional limitation in elderly men and women. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;156(2):110-21. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwf023.

Nuzzo JL. The case for retiring flexibility as a major component of physical fitness. Sports Med. 2019;49(5):727-36. doi: 10.1007/s40279-019-01248-w.

Shultz SP, Byrne NM, Hills AP. Musculoskeletal function and obesity: implications for physical activity. Curr Obes Rep. 2014;3(3):355-60. doi: 10.1007/s13679-014-0107-x.

Vieira ER, Brown E, Raue P. Depression in older adults: screening and referral. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2014;37(1):24-30. doi: 10.1519/JPT.0b013e31828df26f.

Petrella JK, Kim JS, Cross JM, Kosek DJ, Bamman MM. Efficacy of myonuclear addition may explain differential myofiber growth among resistance-trained young and older men and women. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006;291(5). doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00190.2006.

Hunter SK, Pereira HM, Keenan KG. The aging neuromuscular system and motor performance. J Appl Physiol. 2016;121(4):982-95. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00475.2016.

Woo J, Leung J, Kwok T. Body composition and physical functioning in older adults. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15(7):1886-94. doi: 10.1038/oby.2007.223.

Chen H, Guo X. Obesity and functional disability in elderly Americans. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008;56(4):689-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01624.x.

Sergi G, Perissinotto E, Toffanello ED, Maggi S, Manzato E, Buja A, et al. Lower extremity motor performance and body mass index in elderly people: the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007;55(12):2023-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01460.x.

Shen S, Li J, Guo Q, Zhang W, Wang X, Fu L, et al. Body mass index is associated with physical performance in suburb-dwelling older Chinese: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2015;10(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119914.

Gomes-Neto M, Araújo AD, Junqueira IDA, Oliveira D, Brasileiro A, Arcanjo FL. Estudo comparativo da capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida entre idosos com osteoartrite de joelho obesos e não obesos. Rev Bras Reumatol. 2016;56(2):126-30. doi: 10.1016/j.rbr.2015.05.004.

Alfadhel SA, Almutairi AO, Alotaibi MF, Alyousif MM, Alharbi NS, Alanazi FS, et al. The effect of a multicomponent exercise programme on elderly adults’ risk of falling in nursing homes: a systematic review. J Pak Med Assoc. 2020;70(4):699-704. doi: 10.5455/JPMA.292007.