Comparando semipresidencialismos
semelhanças e diferenças entre casos Pós-Terceira Onda de Democratização
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/simbitica.v13i1.48811Palavras-chave:
Sistemas governamentais, semipresidencialismo, terceira onde de democratização, análise comparativaResumo
O propósito central deste artigo é compreender que padrões políticos e institucionais emergem dos países que adotaram o semipresidencialismo após a terceira onda de democratização. No desenho transversal, utilizando o país como unidade de análise, identificamos 47 casos que foram analisados descritivamente com base em características políticas e institucionais, como o grau de democratização, o subtipo de semipresidencialismo, a associação prévia a um país semipresidencialista e a família de sistema eleitoral para a câmara baixa. Entre os achados mais relevantes está que semipresidencialismos pós-terceira onda tendem a ser democracias, ter arranjos premier-presidencialistas, sistemas eleitorais proporcionais e vínculo anterior a países que possuíam o sistema semipresidencial.
Referências
ÅBERG, Jenny; SEDELIUS, Thomas. (2018). “A Structured Review of Semi-Presidential Studies: Debates, Results, and Missing Pieces”. British Journal of Political Science, v. 50, n. 3, pp. 1111-1136. [Consult. 29-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123418000017
ALIZADA, Nazifa; COLE, Rowan; GASTALDI, Lisa; GRAHN, Sandra; HELLMEIER, Sebastian; KOLVANI, Palina; LACHAPELLE, Jean; LÜHRMANN, Anna; MAERZ, Seraphine; PILLAI, Shreeya; Lindberg; Staffan. (2021). “Autocratization Turns Viral”. Democracy Report 2021. University of Gothenburg, V-Dem Institute, [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://v-dem.net/documents/12/dr_2021.pdf.
AL JAZEERA. Timeline: A history of coups in Niger. Al Jazeera, 27 jul. 2023. [Consult. 04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/27/timeline-a-history-of-coups-in-niger.
ALTMAN, David. (2000). “The politics of coalition formation and survival in multiparty presidential democracies: the Case of Uruguay, 1989-1999”. Party Politics. v. 06, n. 03, pp. 259-283. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068800006003001
ALTMAN, David; CASTIGLIONI, Rossana. (2010). “Gabinetes ministeriales y reformas estructurales en América Latina, 1985-2000”. Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política. v.18, n.01, pp. 15-39. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em http://www.scielo.edu.uy/pdf/rucp/v18n1/v18n1a05.pdf
AMORIM NETO, Octavio. (2016) Presidencialismo e governabilidade nas Américas. Rio de Janeiro: FGV, Konrad Adenauer Stiffung, 217 pp.
AMORIM NETO, Octavio. Semi-Presidentialism in Portugal: Academic Quarrels amidst Institutional Stability. In: Fernandes, J. M.; Magalhães, P. C.; Costa Pinto, A. (org.). The Oxford Handbook of Portuguese Politics. New York, Oxford University Press, 2023. pp. 121-135.
AMORIM NETO, Octávio; Costa Lobo, Marina. (2009). “Portugal’s Semi-Presidentialism
(Re)considered: An Assessment of the President’s Role in the Policy Process, 1976–
2006”. European Journal of Political Research 48, no. 2, 234-255. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2008.00833.x
BAUDAIS, Virginie; CHAUZAL, Grégory. (2011). “The 2010 Coup d’État in Niger: A Praetorian Regulation of Politics?”. Africa Affairs, v. 110, n. 439, pp. 295-304. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adr017
Bbc News Brasil. Crise política no Peru: entenda a dissolução do Congresso pelo presidente Martín Vizcarra. BBC News Brasil, 1º out. 2019. [Consult.04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/internacional-49892979
BEUMAN, Lydia M. (2013). “Cohabitation in New Post-Conflict Democracies: The Case of TimorLeste”. Parliamentary Affairs, 2014. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1093/pa/gst016
CAMERON, Maxwell A. (1998). “Self-Coups: Peru, Guatemala, and Russia”. Journal of Democracy, [s. l.], v. 9, n. 1, pp. 125-139. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.1998.0003
CHANDLER, Andrea. (2001). “Presidential Veto Power in Post-Communist Russia, 1994–1998”. Canadian Journal of Political Science 34, no. 3, 487–516, 2001. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008423901777980
CHASQUETTI, Daniel. (2001). “Democracia, multipartidismo y coaliciones en América Latina: evaluando la dificil combinacion”, in Tipos de presidencialismo y coaliciones políticas en America Latina. Colección Grupos de Trabajo de CLACSO, Buenos Aires. pp. 319-359, 2001. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em http://bibliotecavirtual.clacso.org.ar/clacso/gt/20101028021442/11chasquetti.pd
CHEIBUB, José Antônio. (2002). “Minority governments, deadlock situations, and the survival of presidential democracies”. Comparative Political Studies. v. 35, n. 03, pp. 284. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414002035003002
CHEIBUB, José Antônio; PRZEWORSKI, Adam; SAIEGH, Sebastian. (2004). “Government coalitions and legislative success under presidentialism and parliamentarism”. British Journal of Political Science, v. 34, pp. 565-587, 2004. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123404000195
CHEIBUB, José Antônio; CHERNYKH, Svetlana. (2009). “Are semi-presidential constitutions bad for democratic performance?”. Constitutional Political Economy, v. 20, n. 3–4, pp. 202–229. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1007/s10602-008-9072-2
COPPEDGE, Michael; GERRING, John; LINDBERG, Staffan; SKAANING, Svend-Erik; TEORELL, Jan. (2017). “V-Dem Comparisons and Contrasts with Other Measurement Projects”. Working Paper. Series, The Varieties of Democracy Institute. University of Gothenburg, Department of Political Science, n. 45. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://www.v-dem.net/media/publications/v-dem_working_paper_2017_45.pdf
CUCHIARO, Marcus Vinícius. (2022). “O Regime Semipresidencialista: as bases teóricas e sua aplicação em França e Portugal”. ÎANDÉ - Ciências e Humanidades, v. 6, n. 1, pp. 29-45. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.36942/iande.v6i1.434
DEHEZA, Grace I. (1997). Gobiernos de coalición en el sistema presidencial: América del Sur. Phd dissertation. [s.l.] European University Institute, Florence.
DUVERGER, Maurice. (1970). Institutions politiques et Droit constitutionnel. 11. ed. Paris, Presses Universitaires de France.
DUVERGER, Maurice. (1978). E´chec au Roi. Paris, Albin Michel.
DUVERGER, Maurice. (1980). “A new political system model: semi-presidential government”. European Journal ofPolitica1 Research, v. 8, pp. 165-187. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.1980.tb00569.x
DUVERGER, Maurice (ed). (1986). Les régimes semi-présidentiels. Paris, Presses Universitaires de France.
ELGIE, Robert. (1999). The Politics of SemiPresidentialism, in Semi-presidentialism in Europe (Comparative Politics). 1. ed. New York, Oxford University Press, pp. 320.
ELGIE, Robert. (2005). “A Fresh Look at Semi-Presidentialism: Variations on a Theme”. Journal of Democracy, v. 16, n. 3, pp. 98-112. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2005.0045
ELGIE, Robert. (2007). “What is semi-presidentialism and where is it found?”, in Elgie, R.; Moestrup, S. (Eds.). Semipresidentialism outside Europe: A comparative study. London: Routledge.
ELGIE, Robert. (2016). Three waves of semi-presidential studies. Democratization, v. 23, n. 1, pp. 49-70. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Diponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2014.960853
ELGIE, Robert; SCHLEITER, Petra. (2011). “Variation in the Durability of Semi-Presidential Democracies” in R. Elgie, S. Moestrup e Y. S. Wu (Eds.). Semi-Presidentialism and Democracy. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. pp. 42-60.
ELGIE, Robert; FAUVELLE-AYMAR, Christine. (2012). “Turnout Under Semipresidentialism: Firstand Second-Order Elections to National-Level Institutions”. Comparative Political Studies, v. 45, n. 12, pp. 1598-1623. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em 10.1177/0010414012463903
FOWKS, Jacqueline. (2019). Presidente do Peru dissolve Congresso e oposição reage com suspensão do mandatário. El País Brasil, 1º out. 2019. [Consult.04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2019/10/01/internacional/1569957204_773363.html
FIGUEIREDO, Argelina; LIMONGI, Fernando. Executivo e Legislativo na Nova Ordem Constitucional. Rio de Janeiro, Editora FGV, 1999.
FRANCE 24. Junta chief named interim president. France 24, 22 fev. 2010.[Consult. 04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://www.france24.com/en/20100222-junta-chief-named-interim-president
G1. (2019). Nomeada pelo Congresso para substituir presidente do Peru, Mercedes Aráoz renuncia. G1, 2 out. 2019. [Consult.04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://g1.globo.com/mundo/noticia/2019/10/02/nomeada-pelo-congresso-para-substituir-presidente-do-peru-mercedes-araoz-renuncia.ghtml
G1. (2020). Após presidente fechar Congresso, Peru tem eleições para escolher novos parlamentares. G1, 26 jan. 2020. [Consult.04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://g1.globo.com/mundo/noticia/2020/01/26/apos-presidente-fechar-congresso-peru-tem-eleicoes-para-escolher-novos-parlamentares.ghtml
GUSSOLI, Felipe K.; HACHEM, Daniel W. (2022). “Modificação do sistema de governo no Brasil via emenda constitucional: parlamentarismo, semi-presidencialismo e outros modelos”. Seqüência Estudos Jurídicos e Políticos, Florianópolis, v. 43, n. 92, pp. 1-35. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2022.e91977
HICKEN, Allen; STOLL, Heather. (2013). “Are All Presidents Created Equal? Presidential Powers and the Shadow of Presidential Elections”. Comparative Political Studies, v. 46, n. 3, pp. 291-319. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414012453694
HIROI, Taeko; OMORI, Sawa. (2009). “Perils of Parliamentarism? Political Systems and the Stability of Democracy Revisited”. Democratization, v. 16, n. 3, pp. 485-507. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/13510340902884598
HUNTINGTON, Samuel. (1991). “Democracy´s third wave”. Journal of Democracy, pp. 12–34. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.1991.0016
JALALI, Carlos. (2011). “The President is not a Passenger: Portugal’s Evolving Semi-presidentialism”, in R. Elgie, S. Moestrup e Y. S. Wu. (Orgs). Semi-presidentialism and Democracy. London, Palgrave Macmillan.
LATIMES. Peru’s Shock Treatment Plan Brings Sudden Pain, Uncertain Gain. Los Angeles Times, 28 jan. 1996. [Consult.04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-01-28-mn-29617-story.html.
LIJPHART, Arendt. (2003). Modelos de Democracia: Desempenho e Padrões de Governo em 36 países. Rio de Janeiro, Civilização Brasileira.
LIJPHART, Arendt. (1992). Introduction. Parliamentary versus presidential government, pp. 1-27.
LINZ, Juan. (1990). “The Perils of Presidentialism”. Journal of Democracy, v. 1, n. 1, pp. 51-69. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2005.0026
LINZ, Juan. (1994). Democracy: Presidential or Parliamentary Does it Make a Difference? In: Linz, J.; Valenzuela, A. (Eds.). The Failure of Presidential Democracy. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press.
LINZ, Juan; STEPAN, Alfred. (1996) Problems of Transition and Consolidation. Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press.
LOUREIRO, Raysa D. (2020). Semipresidencialismo e a longevidade dos governos de coabitação: um estudo de casos diversos sobre Bulgária, Romênia, França e Portugal. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Sociais) - Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Vitória, pp. 115.
MAEDA, Ko. (2010). “Two Modes of Democratic Breakdown: A Competing Risks Analysis of Democratic Durability”. Journal of Politics, v. 72, n. 4, pp. 1129-1143. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022381610000575
MAINWARING, Scott. (1993). “Presidentialism, Multipartism and Democracy: The Difficult Combination”. Comparative Political Studies, v. 26, n. 2, pp. 198-228. [Consult 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414093026002003
MAINWARING, Scott.; SHUGART, Matthew Soberg. Presidentialism and democracy in Latin America. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1997.
MEJÍA ACOSTA, A. Informal coalitions and policymaking in Latin America: Ecuador in comparative perspective. New York, Routledge, [s.d.].
METCALF, Lee Kendal. (2000). “Measuring Presidential Power”. Comparative Political Studies, v. 33, n. 5, pp. 660-685. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140000330050
MOESTRUP, Sophia. (2007). “Semi-presidentialism in Niger Gridlock and democratic breakdown – learning from past mistakes”, in R. Elgie, S. Moestrup e Y. S. Wu (Eds.). Semi-presidentialism outside Europe: A comparative study. New York, Routledge, 2007. pp. 105–120.
NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS MUSEUM. White Terror Period. National Human Rights Museum, Taiwan, [s.d.]. [Consult.04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://www.nhrm.gov.tw/w/nhrmEN/White_Terror_Period
NEGRETTO, Gabriel. (2006). “Minority presidents and democratic performance”. Latin American Politics and Society, v. 48, n. 03, pp. 63-92. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2006.tb00356.x
NEW YORK TIMES. Peru’s Poor Feel Hardship of ‘Fuji Shock’ Austerity. The New York Times, 12 ago. 1990. [Consult.04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/12/world/peru-s-poor-feel-hardship-of-fuji-shock-austerity.html
OLIVEIRA, Augusto. (2024). “As três programações constitucionais contra crises políticas: sistemas de governo e estabilidade governamental em grandes democracias”. Revista Direito GV, São Paulo, v. 20, e2406. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6172202406.
O’NEIL, Patrick. (1993). “Presidential Power in Post-Communist Europe: The Hungarian Case in Comparative Perspective”. Journal of Communist Studies, v. 9, n. 3, pp. 177-201. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/13523279308415218
PAREDES, Maritza; ENCINAS, Daniel. (2020). “Perú 2019: Political Crisis and Institutional Outcome”. Revista de Ciencia Política, v. 40, n. 2, pp. 483-510. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-090X2020005000116
PIERCE, Roy. (1991). “The Executive Divided Against Itself: Cohabitation in France, 1986-1988”. Governance, v. 4, n. 3, pp. 270-294. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0491.1991.tb00016.x
PROTSYK, Oleh. (2006). “Intra-Executive Competition between President and Prime Minister: Patterns of Institutional Conflict and Cooperation under Semi-Presidentialism”. Political Studies, v. 54, pp. 219–244. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Diponível em https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2006.00604.x
PROTSYK, Oleh. (2005). “Prime Ministers’ Identity in Semi-Presidential Regimes: Constitutional Norms and Cabinet Formation Outcomes”. European Journal of Political Research, v. 44, pp. 721-748. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2005.00245.x
READ, James S. (1991). “Nigeria’s New Constitution for 1992: The third Republic”. Journal of African Law, v. 35, pp. 174-193. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021855300008421
ROPER, Steven. (2002). “Are All Semipresidential Regimes the Same? A Comparison of PremierPresidential Regimes”. Comparative Politics, v. 34, n. 3, pp. 253-272. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/ 10.2307/4146953
SANTOS, Fabiano. (2003). Poder Legislativo no Presidencialismo de Coalizão. Belo Horizonte, Editora UFMG.
SANTOS, Fabio L. B. dos. (2019). Perversão e trauma: impasses da política peruana contemporânea, in Uma história da onda progressista sul-americana (1998-2016). [s.l.] Editora Elefante, 2019. pp. 409-452.
SHUGART, Matthew Soberg; SAMUELS, David. (2010). Presidents, Parties, and Prime Ministers: How the Separation of Powers Affects Party Organization and Behavior. New York, Cambridge University Press.
SARTORI, Giovanni. (1994). Comparative Constitutional Engineering: An Inquiry into Structures, Incentives, and Outcomes. London, McMillan.
SCHLEITER, Petra. (2003). “Mixed Constitutions and Political Instability”. Democratization, v. 10, n. 1, pp. 1-26. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/714000106
SCHLEITER, Petra; MORGANJONES, Edward. (2007). “Semipresidencialismo: decisiones constitucionales y consecuencias políticas”. Politica y Gobierno, v. XIV, n. 2, pp. 513–549. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/pyg/v14n2/1665-2037-pyg-14-02-515.pdf
SCHLEITER, Petra; MORGANJONES, Edward. (2009a). “Review Article: Citizens, Presidents and Assemblies: The Study of Semi-Presidentialism beyond Duverger and Linz. British Journal of Political Science, v. 39, n. 04, pp. 871-892. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123409990159
SCHLEITER, Petra; MORGAN JONES, Edward. (2009b). “Constitutional Power and Competing Risks: Monarchs, Presidents, Prime Ministers, and the Termination of East and West European Cabinets”. American Political Science Review , v. 103, pp. 496-512. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055409990062
SCHLEITER, Petra; MORGAN JONES, Edward. (2010). “Who’s in Charge? Presidents, Assemblies, and the Political Control of Semipresidential Cabinets”. Comparative Political Studies, v. 43, pp. 1415–1441. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414010371904
SEDELIUS, Thomas.; EKMAN, Joakim. (2010). “Intra-executive Conflict and Cabinet Instability: Effects of Semi-presidentialism in Central and Eastern Europe”. Government and Opposition, v. 45, n. 04, pp. 505-530. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1477-7053.2010.01325.x
SEDELIUS, Thomas; MASHTALER, Olga. (2013). Two Decades of Semi-Presidentialism: Issues of Intra-Executive Conflict in Central and Eastern Europe 1991–2011. East European Politics, v. 29, n. 2, pp. 109–134. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/21599165.2012.748662
SHUGART, Matthew S. (2005). “Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority”. French Politics, v. 3, pp. 323-351. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087.
SHUGART, Matthew S.; CAREY, John. M. (1992). Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamics. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
SIAROFF, Alan. (2003). “Comparative Presidencies: The Inadequacy of the Presidential, SemiPresidential and Parliamentary Distinction’. European Journal of Political Research, v. 42, pp. 287-312. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.00084
SKACH, Cindy. (2005). Borrowing Constitutional Designs: Constitutional Law in Weimar Germany and the French Fifth Republic. New Jersey, Princeton University Press.
SVOLIK, Milan. (2008). “Authoritarian Reversals and Democratic Consolidation.” American
Political Science Review. v. 102, n. 2, pp. 53-168. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.964462
OUTREACH FOR TAIWAN. (2025). Martial Law and the White Terror. OFTaiwan.org. [S.d.]. [Consult.04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://oftaiwan.org/history/white-terror/martial-law/
TAVITS, Margit. (2009). Presidents in Parliamentary Systems: Do Direct Elections Matter? Oxford, Oxford University Press.
TROXEL, Tiffany A. (2003). Parliamentary Power in Russia, 1994–2001: President vs Parliament. London, Palgrave.
TSAI, Jung-Hsiang. (2008). “Sub-Types of Semi-Presidentialism and Political Deadlock’. French Politics, v. 6, n. 1, pp. 63-84. [Consult. 30-07-2025]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200140
TSANG, Steve; TIEN, Hung-mao. (1999). Democratization in Taiwan: Implications for China. New York, St. Martin´s Press.
ZAZNAEV, Oleg. (2014). “Understanding Semi-Presidentialism in Political Science: A Review of the Latest Debate”. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, v. 5, n. 14. [Consult. 30-07-2025] Disponível em https://doi.org. 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.30.02.14005
ZELAZNIK, Javier. The building of coalitions in the presidential systems of Latin America: an inquiry into the political conditions of governability. PhD Dissertation. [s.l.] University of Essex, 2001.
WASHINGTON POST. ‘Fujishock’ Pulls Peru Up Short. The Washington Post, 26 set. 1990. [Consult. 04-07-2025]. Disponível em https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1990/09/26/fujishock-pulls-peru-up-short/73a5c29d-ceea-47a7-9df8-cfb9594f6ae6
WU, Yu-Shan. (2011). Clustering of Semi-Presidentialism: A First Cut, in R. Elgie, S. Moestrup e Y. S. Wu (Eds.). Semi-Presidentialism and Democracy. London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. pp. 21-41.
WU, Yu-Shan; TSAI, Jung-Hsiang. (2011). “Taiwan: Democratic Consolidation under President-Parliamentarism”, in R. Elgie, S. Moestrup e Y. S. Wu. (org.). Semi-presidentialism and Democracy. 1. ed. London, Palgrave Macmillan London. pp. 174-191.
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2026 Marcelo Martins Vieira, Raysa Dantas Loureiro, Maria Vitória Rodrigues Silva
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
a. Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Creative Commons - Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
b. Compartilhar - copiar e distribuir o material em qualquer meio ou formato.
Adaptar - remix, transformar e construir sobre o material para qualquer finalidade, inclusive comercial.
c. Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
d. Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
a. Authors retain the copyright and grant the magazine the right of first publication, with work simultaneously licensed under the CCreative Commons - Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
b. Share - copy and distribute the material in any medium or format.
Adapt - remix, transform and build on the material for any purpose, including commercial.
c. Authors are authorized to take additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publish in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
d. Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg.: in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
