A agricultura e sua interpretação dos limites planetários sob aspectos biofísicos e sociais

Agriculture and its interpretation of planetary limits under biophysical and social aspects

Autores/as

  • Eliane Alves da Silva Universidade Federal de Rondônia / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6958-1101
  • Eugenio Avila Pedrozo Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
  • Tania Nunes da Silva Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47456/simbitica.v10i3.39458

Palabras clave:

Agroecología, Economía Regenerativa, Revolución Verde, Transgénicos

Resumen

La agricultura ha sufrido un proceso de industrialización que ha incorporado características industriales a la producción de alimentos. Esto ha tenido aspectos positivos, pero también ha provocado impactos ambientales y una dependencia económica y productiva de las empresas. Sin embargo, la preocupación por el cambio climático ha llevado a algunos agricultores a adoptar el sistema convencional sostenible, orientado a la agricultura ecológica, pero apoyado por sellos de certificación, o sistemas de comercio justo orientados a la agroexportación. La agroecología, por su parte, plantea cuestiones sobre el suministro y la distribución de alimentos, el acceso a los ingresos, la tierra, las semillas y otros recursos. En las tres situaciones hay diferentes interpretaciones sobre el uso de los recursos del planeta. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este ensayo es analizar el uso de los recursos del sistema terrestre en relación con tres sistemas de producción agrícola: convencional (revolución verde), convencional sostenible y agroecológico.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Eliane Alves da Silva, Universidade Federal de Rondônia / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Docente na Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Mestre pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração da Universidade Federal de Rondônia. Doutoranda na Escola de Administração da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Eugenio Avila Pedrozo, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Professor Titular aposentado pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Doutor pelo Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine

Tania Nunes da Silva, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Professora Titular aposentada pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Professora convidada pela Escola de Administração da mesma instituição. Doutora em Sociologia pela Universidade de São Paulo

Citas

AMADOR, Mónica F. (1980), Comportamiento de Tres Especies (Maiz, Frijol, Calabaza) en Policultivos in la Chontalpa, Tabasco, Mexico. Professional Thesis. Colegio Superior de Agricultura Tropical, Cárdenas, Tabasco, Mexico.

AMADOR, Mónica F.; GLIESSMAN, Stephen R. (1990), “An ecological approach to reducing external inputs through the use of intercropping”, in S. R Gliessman (orgs.). Agroecology: Researching the Ecological Basis for Sustainable Agriculture. Ecological Studies 78. New York, Springer-Verlag, pp. 146-159.

ALTIERI, Miguel. A. (2004), “Linking ecologists and traditional farmers in the search for sustainable agriculture”. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, v. 2, pp. 35-42. [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Desponível em https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0035:LEATFI]2.0.CO;2

ALTIERI, Miguel. A; FARRELL, Jhon. G. (2018), Agroecology: The Science Of Sustainable Agriculture. (2th. Ed.). Boca Raton, RC Press Taylor & Francis Group.

ALTIERI, Miguel. A.; NICHOLLS, Clara I. (2012), “Agroecology scaling up for food sovereignty and resiliency”, in E. Lichtfouse (org.). Sustainable agriculture reviews 11. New York, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

BARNOSKY, Anthony D.; BROWN, James H.; DAILY, Gretchen. C.; DIRZO, Rodolpho; EHRLICH, Anne. H.; EHRLICH, Paul. R.; ERONEN, Jussi T.; FORTELIUS, Mikael; HADLY, Elizabeth A.; LEOPOLD, Estella B.; MOONEY, Harold. A.; MYERS, John P.; NAYLOR, Rosamund. L.; PALUMBI, Stephen; STENSETH, Nils. C.; WAKE, Marvalee H. (2014), “Scientific consensus on maintaining humanity’s life support system in the 21st century: information for policy makers”. Anthropocene Review, v.1, pp. 78-109, 2014 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1177/2053019613516290

BENSIN, Basil M. (1930), Possibilities for International Cooperation in Agroecology Investigation. International Review of Agriculture. Part I. Monthly bulletin of agricultural science and practice. The Institute for Agriculture, Rome, v. 21, pp. 277-284.

BIRD, George. W., GRIESHOP, Matthew; HEPPERLY, Paul; MOYER, Jeff (2009), “Climbing Mt. Organic: An ecosystem approach to pest management”, in Francis, C. A. Ed. Organic Farming: The Ecological System. Agron. Monograph 54, Amer. Soc. Agron, Madison, Wisconsin.

BURKE, Eleanor J.; EKICI, Altug; HUANG, Ye; CHADBURN, Sarah E.; HUNTINGFORD, Chris; CIAIS, Philippe; FRIEDLINGSTEIN, Pierre; PENG, Shushi; KRINNER, Gerhard (2017), “Quantifying uncertainties of permafrost carbon-climate feedbacks”. Biogeosciences, v. 14, n. 12, pp. 3051-3066. [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3051-2017

CAMPBELL, Bruce M.; HANSEN James; RIOUX Janie; STIRLING Clare M.; TWOMLOW Stephen; WOLLENBERG, Eva (2018), “Urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts (SDG 13): transforming agriculture and food systems”. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, v.34, pp.13-20 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2018.06.005

CONIJN, Jacob. G.; BINDRABAN, Prem S.; SCHRÖDER, Jaap J.; JONGSCHAAP, Raymond E. E. (2018), “Can our global food system meet food demand within planetary boundaries?” Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, n. 251, pp. 244-256 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.06.001

DEAN, Joshua F.; MIDDELBURG, Jack. J.; RÖCKMANN, Thomas; AERTS, Rien; BLAUW, Luke G.; EGGER, Matthias; JETTEN, Mike S. M.; de JONG, Anniek E. E.; MEISEL, Ove H.; RASIGRAF, Olivia; SLOMP, Caroline P.; in't Zandt, Michiel H.; DOLMAN, Han, A. J.et al. (2018), “Methane feedbacks to the global climate system in a warmer world”. Reviews of Geophysics, v. 56, n. 1, pp. 207-250 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1002/2017RG000559

FRANCIS, Charles. A.; PORTER, Paul (2011), “Ecology in Sustainable Agriculture Practices and Systems”. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, v. 30, n. 1-2, pp. 64-73 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689.2011.554353

FRIEDMAN, Milton (1996), The Role of Government in a Free Society. Lecture given at Stanford University [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/9333715

GEORGE, Gerard; MERRILL, Ryan K.; SCHILLEBEECKX, Simon J. D. (2019), “Digital Sustainability and Entrepreneurship: How digital innovations are helping tackle climate change and sustainable development”. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, pp. 1-28 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258719899425

GIEHL, Germano (2006), “A biotecnologia e segurança dos alimentos transgênicos”. Revista Âmbito Jurídico, v. 23, n. 5, pp. 180-189 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://ambitojuridico.com.br/edicoes/revista-31/a-biotecnologia-e-a-seguranca-de-alimentos-transgenicos/

GLIESSMAN Stephen R. (1998), Agroecology: ecological process in sustainable agriculture. Michigan, Ann Arbor Press.

GLIESSMAN Stephen R. (2014), Field and Laboratory Investigations in Agroecology. 3th. Ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group.

GLIESSMAN Stephen R. (2016), “Roots of resistance to industrialized food systems”, in Méndez, V. E.; Bacon, C. M.; Cohen, R.; Gliessman, S. R. Agroecology: A transdisciplinary, participatory and action-oriented approach. Boca Raton, FL, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

GODFRAY, Charles; BEDDINGTON, John. R.; CRUTE, Ian. R.; HADDAD, Lawrence; LAWRENCE, David; MUIR, James F.; PRETTY, Jules; ROBINSON Sherman; THOMAS, Sandy M.; TOULMIN, Camilla (2010), “Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people”. Science, n. 327, pp. 812-818 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185383

GROOT, Wouter. T. (1992), Environmental Science Theory: concepts and methods in a one-world, problem-oriented paradigm. Amsterdam, Elsevier.

HALDANE, Andrew (2009), Rethinking the Financial Network. Speech given at the Financial Student Association, Amsterdam, 28 April 2009. http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/archive/Documents/historicpubs/speeches/2009/speech386.pd

HENDRICKSON, Mary. K.; JAMES, Harvey. S. (2005), “The ethics of constrained choice: how the industrialization of agriculture impacts farming and farmer behavior”. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, n. 18, pp. 269-291 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-005-0631-5

HOEKSTRA, Arjen Y.; WIEDMANN, Thomas. O. (2014), “Humanity's unsustainable environmental footprint”. Science, n. 344, pp. 1114-1117 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1248365

HOLLING, Crawford S.; GUNDERSON, Lance H. (2002), “Why systems of people and nature are not just social and ecological systems”, in L. H. Gunderson, C. Holling (orgs.). Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems. Washington, Island Press.

HOLT-GIMENEZ, Eric; PATEL, Raj (2009), Food rebellions: the real story of the world food crisis and what we can do about it. Oxford, Fahumu Books and Grassroots International.

KOOHAFKAN, Parviz; ALTIERI, Miguel A.; GIMENEZ, Eric. H. (2011), “Green agriculture: foundations for biodiverse, resilient and productive agricultural systems”. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, n. 10, v. 1, pp. 61-75 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2011.610206

LAKOFF, George; JOHNSON, Mark (1980), Metaphors we live by. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

LENTON, Timothy. M.; HELD, Hermann; KRIEGLER, Elmar; HALL, Jim. W.; LUCHT, Wolfgang; RAHMSTORF, Stefan; SCHELLNHUBER, Hans J. (2008), “Tipping elements in the earth's climate system”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 105, n. 6, pp. 1786-1793 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0705414105

LIEBMAN, Matt; DAVIS, Adam S. (2009), “Managing weeds in organic farming systems: An ecological approach”, in Francis, C. A. (org.). Organic farming: the ecological system. Agron. Monograph 54, Amer. Soc. Agron, Madison, Wisconsin.

MANN, Charles. C. (2018), The wizard and the prophet: two remarkable scientists and their dueling visions to shape tomorrow’s world. New York, Alfred A. Knopf.

MARSHALL, Alfred. 1890. Principles of Economics. London: Macmillan, 1890. Available at http://www.econlib.org/library/Marshall/marP.html

MARTINEZ-ALIER, Joan (2011), “The EROI of agriculture and its use by Via Campesina”. Journal of Peasant Studies, n. 38, pp. 145-160 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2010.538582

MCALPINE, Clive A.; SEABROOK, Leonie M.; RYAN, Justin G.; FEENEY, Brian J.; RIPPLE, William J.; EHRLICH, Anne H.; EHRLICH, Paul R. (2015), “Transformational change: creating a safe operating space for humanity”. Ecology and Society, v. 20, n. 1 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-07181-200156

MEADOWS, Donella et al. (1972-2005). The limits to growth. New York, Universe Books, and Meadows, D. et al. Limits to growth: the 30-Year Update. London, Earthscan.

MEFFE, Gary; NEILSEN, Lary; KNIGHT, Richard L.; SCHENBORN, Dennis (2002), Ecosystem management: adaptive, community-based conservation. Washington, D.C, Island Press.

MÉNDEZ, V. Ernesto; BACON, Christopher M.; COHEN, Roseann (2016), “Agroecology as a Transdisciplinary, Participatory, and Action-oriented Approach”, in V. E. Méndez, C. M. Bacon, R. Cohen and S. R. Gliessman (orgs.) Agroecology: A transdisciplinary, participatory and action-oriented approach. Boca Raton, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

MOORE, Kathleen D.; NELSON, Michael P. (2010), Moral ground: ethical action for a planet in peril. San Antonio, Texas, USA, Trinity University Press.

OSTROM, Elinor (1999), “Coping with tragedies of the commons”. Annual Review of Political Science, 2, pp. 493-535 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.2.1.493

OSTROM, Elinor (2009), “A general framework for analyzing sustainability of social-ecological systems”. Science, 325, 419 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1172133

OSTROM, Elinor (2012), Green from the grassroots. Project Syndicate, 12 June 2012 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/green-from-the-grassroots

PATEL, Raj (2010), Stuffed and starved: markets, power and the hidden battle for the World’s food system. Canada, Harper Collins.

PARMENTIER, Stéphane (2014), “Scaling up agroecological approaches: What, why and how. Belgium, Oxfam-Solidarity”. Journal of Peasant Studies, v. 40, n. 1, pp. 1-63.

PENROSE, Edith (2009), The theory of the growth of the firm with a new introduction by Christos N. Pitelis. 4th. ed. New York, Oxford University Press.

PIMENTEL, David; HURD, Lawrence E.; BELLOTTI, Anthony. C. et al. (1973), “Food production and the energy crisis”. Science, v. 182, pp. 443-449 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0573:EEAECO]2.0.CO;2

PIMENTEL, David; PIMENTEL, Marcia (1979), Food, energy and society. London, Arnold.

PIMENTEL, David; HUPPERLY, Paul; HANSON, James; DOUDS, David; SEIDEL, Rita (2005), “Environmental, energetic, and economic comparisons of organic and conventional farming systems”. BioScience, v. 55, pp. 573-582 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0573:EEAECO]2.0.CO;2

PRIMAVESI, Ana (2009), Cartilha do solo como reconhecer e sanar seus problemas. Fundação Mokiti Okada. Ed. São Paulo, Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Terra (MST).

RAWORTH, Kate (2018), Doughnut economics a 21st century economist. Chelsea, Green Publishing Company Illustrated.

ROCKSTRÖM, Johan; STEFFEN, Will; NOONE, Kevin.; PERSSON, Åsa., CHAPIN, F. Stuart; LAMBIN, Eric; LENTON, Timothy M.; SCHEFFER, Marten; FOLKE, Carl; SCHELLNHUBER, Hans Joachim; NYKVIST, Björn; de WIT, Cynthia. A.; HUGHES, Terry; van der LEEUW, Sander; RODHE, Henning; SÖRLIN, Sverker; SNYDER, Peter. K.; COSTANZA, Robert; SVEDIN, Uno; FOLEY, Jonathan (2009), “Planetary boundaries: Exploring the safe operating space for humanity”. Ecology and Society, v. 14, n. 2, pp. 1-32 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol14/iss2/art32/

ROSSET, Peter M.; ALTIERI, Miguel (1997), “Agroecology versus input substitution: a fundamental contradiction of sustainable agriculture”. Society and Natural Resources, v. 10, n. 3, pp. 283-95 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1080/08941929709381027

ROSSET, Peter; TORRES, Maria E. (2013), “La vía campesina and agroecology”, in La Vía Campesina. La vía Campesina’s open book: celebrating 20 years of struggle [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em http://viacampesina.org/downloads/pdf/openbooks/EN-12.pdf

SCHILLEBEECKX, Simon J. D.; WORKMAN, Mark; DEAN, Charles (2018), “Scarcity in the 21st century: how the resource nexus affects management”, in George, G.; Schillebeeckx, S. J. D. (orgs.), Managing natural resources: organizational strategy, behavior, and dynamics. Northampton, Edward-Elgar Publishing.

SCHNEIDER, Sérgio; SCHMITT, Claudia, J. (1998), “O uso do método comparativo nas Ciências Sociais”. Cadernos de Sociologia, v. 9, pp. 49-87. [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://docplayer.com.br/7557920-O-uso-do-metodo-comparativo-nas-ciencias-sociais.html

SIMON, Julian; KAHN, Herman (1984), The resourceful Earth: a response to Global 2000. Oxford, Basil Blackwell.

SILICI, Laura (2014), “Agroecology: what it is and what it has to offer”, in IIED Issue Paper. Ed. Agroecology: what it is and what it has to offer. London, International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).

STEFFEN, Will; ROCKSTRÖM, Johan; RICHARDSON, Katherine; LENTON, Timothy M.; FOLKE, Carl; LIVERMAN, Diana; SUMMERHAYES, Colin P.; BARNOSKY, Anthony D.; CORNELL, Sarah E.; CRUCIFIX, Michel; DONGES, Jonathan F.; FETZER, Ingo; LADE, Steven J.; SCHEFFER, Marten; WINKELMANN, Ricarda; SCHELLNHUBER, Hans Joachim (2018), “Trajectories of the earth system in the Anthropocene”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, n. 115, pp. 33, pp. 8252-8259 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810141115

SLOOTWEG, Roel; VANCLAY, Frank; Van SCHOOTEN, Marlies (2001), “Function evaluation as a framework for the integration of social and environmental impact assessment”. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, v. 19, n. 1, pp. 19-28 [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.3152/147154601781767186

TOLEDO, Victor M.; BARRERA-BASSOLS, Narciso (2009), La memoria biocultural: la importancia ecológica de las sabidurías tradicionales. Barcelona, ICARIA Editorial.

VANDERMEER, John; PERFECTO, Ivette (2016), “Complexity in tradition and science intersecting theoretical frameworks in agroecological research”, in V. E. Méndez, C. M. Bacon, R. Cohen and S. R. Gliessman. Agroecology: a transdisciplinary, participatory and action-oriented approach. Boca Raton, FL, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

VANDERMEER, John (1989), The Ecology of Intercropping. New York, Cambridge University Press.

VIEIRA, A. (2006), “Debates atuais sobre a segurança dos alimentos transgênicos e os direitos dos consumidores”. Revista dos Tribunais, v. 23, n. 60, p. 37-57, 2006. [Consult. 20-10-2023]. Disponível em http://bdjur.stj.jus.br/dspace/handle/2011/87036

Publicado

26-12-2023

Cómo citar

Alves da Silva, E., Avila Pedrozo, E., & Nunes da Silva, T. (2023). A agricultura e sua interpretação dos limites planetários sob aspectos biofísicos e sociais: Agriculture and its interpretation of planetary limits under biophysical and social aspects. Simbiótica. Revista Eletrônica, 10(3), 31–56. https://doi.org/10.47456/simbitica.v10i3.39458

Número

Sección

Dossiê