Tensões cosmológicas: status atual e perspectivas futuras
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/Cad.Astro.v5nEspecial.44961Palavras-chave:
Cosmologia, tensões cósmicas, energia escuraResumo
Nos últimos anos tem sido reportada na literatura uma crescente discrepância (tensão) nos valores de importantes parâmetros cosmológicos quando inferidos através de diferentes observações. Além de ser um possível indicativo de problemas no Modelo Padrão da Cosmologia, ou na análise dos dados observacionais, a tensão coloca em questão a consistência de certos procedimentos tipicamente adotados na cosmologia. O problema da tensão na constante de Hubble H0 é considerado por muitos como um dos problemas mais pertinentes da cosmologia atual, e o mesmo está relacionado á um segundo problema, a tensão no parâmetro σ8, associado à amplitude das flutuações lineares da matéria. Aqui serão discutidas algumas das razões pelas quais este problema alcançou tamanha relevância, sendo responsável por grande parte dos esforços na cosmologia moderna. Será apresentado também um breve panorama dos principais cenários que têm sido consideradas na tentativa de abordar tais problemas do ponto de vista da cosmologia. Também serão discutidos os principais desafios e perspectivas futuras nesta direção.
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