Economic Impact of the Exposure to Residential Mold in the cases of Asthma in Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/rbps.v25i2.37519Keywords:
Housing, Asthma, Fungi, MoldAbstract
Introduction: Asthma is one of the most common non-communicable diseases in the world. In Brazil, in 2019, it was responsible for approximately 79,900 hospitalizations in the public and complementary health systems alone. Residential mold is a recognized risk factor in the prevalence of asthma. Objectives: To analyze the attributable fraction to the exposure to housing mold and/or moisture in cases of asthma and its direct and indirect costs in Brazil. Methods: The prevalence of asthma and exposure to mold/humidity in Brazil was estimated over various time periods using data from multiple sources. Subsequently, the costs of hospitalizations in the Brazilian Unified Health System were analyzed. The fraction attributable to exposure to mold/humidity in asthma cases and costs in the country was calculated using the Bayes’ Theorem. Results: Research data reveal that the direct costs with asthma attributable to the exposure to residential mold and/or moisture in 2019 were BRL 54.8 million and, if added to the indirect costs, BRL 109.9 million, considering only data from public and complementary networks of the Brazilian health system. It was also possible to analyze that 2.4 million cases of asthma in Brazil can be attributed to exposure to housing mold and/or moisture. Conclusion: Providing adequate housing without the exposure factor for vulnerable populations has the potential to reduce direct and indirect costs in the health system and, in addition, provide an improvement in the quality of life of approximately 2.4 million asthmatic patients in the country.
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