Reciclagem de baterias de íon-lítio: uma breve revisão sobre os processos, avanços e perspectivas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/bjpe.v10i1.42817Palavras-chave:
Biometalurgia, Gestão de resíduos, Hidrometalurgia, Indução térmica, PirometalurgiaResumo
Este estudo apresenta uma breve revisão sobre os processos convencionais (pirometalurgia e hidrometalurgia) e alternativos (reciclagem direta, biometalurgia, campo elétrico e por indução térmica) de reciclagem de baterias de íon-Lítio (LIBs). Estes são responsáveis por recuperar materiais valiosos como o lítio, níquel, cobalto, manganês, cobre, alumínio e grafite. Neste trabalho, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental com a finalidade de obter embasamento teórico consistente para comparar diversas tecnologias de reciclagem de LIBs, a fim de atender a demanda crescente de produção de veículos eletrônicos a bateria (VEBs). Os dados revelam que a reciclagem alternativa é mais eficiente e sustentável quando comparada à convencional. Entretanto, o uso comercial da reciclagem convencional ainda persiste devido ao estabelecimento de tecnologias e infraestrutura em larga escala de produção. Os gargalos tecnológicos associados à reciclagem alternativa precisam ser superados para dar sustentação à cadeia produtiva de LIBs e atender à crescente demanda de VEBs. Estes desafios devem promover o desenvolvimento de tecnologias inovadoras e sustentáveis de reciclagem alinhadas às políticas de gestão de resíduos sólidos e aos padrões internacionais de reciclagem de baterias de lítio.
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