A comparative study of different battery geometries used in electric vehicles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21712/lajer.2023.v10.n2.p94-114Palavras-chave:
Multi-Attribute Utility Theory, Battery geometry, Electric vehicleResumo
Este artigo contribui com uma revisão das geometrias atuais e futuras das baterias de veículos elétricos, uma vez que há poucas comparações em relação aos critérios de desempenho na literatura. Com essas considerações, este artigo busca preencher essa lacuna comparando baterias comerciais com diferentes geometrias. Primeiramente, são apresentadas as especificações de cada bateria (encontradas nos sites dos fabricantes ou em mídias especializadas). Em seguida, os critérios de avaliação das baterias são definidos considerando duas aplicações distintas: carros econômicos e de alto desempenho, utilizando o método Teoria da Utilidade Multi-Atributo (MAUT). A partir dessa análise, a bateria de lâmina apresentou o melhor desempenho geral, com uma boa classificação para ambas as aplicações. A geometria cilíndrica veio em seguida, com uma classificação mais adequada para veículos de alto desempenho, e a geometria em forma de bolsa mostrou promessa para uso em veículos voltados principalmente para a economia. Por fim, é realizado um estudo de caso avaliando a aplicação de cada uma das baterias em um veículo comercial. Concluiu-se que, quando comparadas com as novas tecnologias, o potencial de melhoria em qualquer um dos critérios estudados é enorme. Em particular, a bateria de bolsa Licerion (Sion) apresentou o melhor desempenho em relação à autonomia e à relação capacidade-peso, enquanto a bateria cilíndrica 4680 (Panasonic) e a bateria de lâmina (BYD) foram superiores em relação à relação capacidade-volume e à relação capacidade-custo, respectivamente.
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