Biocompósitos poliméricos e fibras naturais para separação óleo-água: uma revisão sobre materiais, modificações e desempenho
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21712/lajer.2025.v12.n3.p239-248Palavras-chave:
biocompósitos, Fibras naturais, Separação óleo-água, Sorção, ReutilizaçãoResumo
A expansão contínua da industrialização, a demanda por energia e o desenvolvimento econômico têm sido diretamente correlacionados com o aumento da incidência de contaminação por óleo e a descarga de efluentes oleosos, configurando um risco ambiental e ecológico de magnitude global que ameaça a saúde humana e a sustentabilidade dos ecossistemas aquáticos. O desenvolvimento de materiais sorventes sustentáveis para o tratamento de efluentes oleosos baseia-se primordialmente na valorização resíduos agrícolas de biomassa, cuja estrutura é majoritariamente composta por fibras naturais como celulose, hemicelulose e lignina. Este estudo realiza uma revisão sistemática da literatura recente sobre compósitos poliméricos reforçados com fibras naturais aplicados ao tratamento de efluentes oleosos. A análise foca em estratégias de modificação e avalia o desempenho dos materiais quanto à capacidade de sorção, seletividade, reusabilidade e estabilidade.
Downloads
Referências
Abdelwahab et al. O (2021) ‘Oil Spill Cleanup Using Chemically Modified Natural Fibers: Trial for Practical Application’, Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 25(2):457–464, https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2021.164619.
Albuquerque CG, Meili L, Soletti JI, Oliveira LMTDM, Espíndola Filho JM, Lacerda AF and Lourenço RDO (2021) ‘Comparative study of diesel sorption performance between Chorisia speciosa fibers and a commercial polyurethane foam’, Matéria (Rio de Janeiro), 26(1):e12919, https://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-707620210001.1219.
Alessandro L, Chan EWC, Jaafar J, Beardall J and Soo MOY (2025) ‘Characterization of porous cellulose triacetate derived from kapok fibres (Ceiba pentandra) as a tool to enhance crude oil absorption’, Discover Materials, 5(1):39, https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-024-00167-6.
Calabrese L, Piperopoulos E and Fiore V (2020) ‘Arundo Donax Fibers as Green Materials for Oil Spill Recovery’, in A Khan, S Mavinkere Rangappa, S Siengchin, and AM Asiri (eds) Biofibers and Biopolymers for Biocomposites, Springer International Publishing, Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40301-0_13.
Chen L, Zhang G, Xu B and Guo J (2024) ‘Highly efficient oil–water separation using superhydrophobic cellulose aerogels derived from corn straw’, Green Processing and Synthesis, 13(1):20240063, https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2024-0063.
Chen P, Liu H, Qi Y, Wang J, Hou X, Qu J, Lei C, Lv C and Hu Q (2023) ‘Multifunctional absorbents for oily pollution control and mechanistic insights with theoretical simulation’, Chemical Engineering Journal, 471:144466, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.144466.
Chhajed M, Verma C, Sathawane M, Singh S and Maji PK (2022) ‘Mechanically durable green aerogel composite based on agricultural lignocellulosic residue for organic liquids/oil sorption’, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 180:113790, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113790.
Das S and Goud VV (2023) ‘Rice husk derived biogenic silica coated cotton as an effective, sustainable oil-water separation platform’, Biomass and Bioenergy, 177:106935, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2023.106935.
Sinha, SK, Kanagasabapathi, P e Maity, S (2020) Performance of natural fibre nonwoven for oil sorption from sea water. Tekstilec, 63(1), 14–26., https://doi.org/10.14502/Tekstilec2020.63.14-26.
Hu X and Tan J (2025) ‘Non-fluorinated superhydrophobic cotton for super high flux continuous separation of oil-water mixtures and surfactant stabilized water-in-oil emulsions’, Journal of Water Process Engineering, 72:107643, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107643.
Huang Y, Wu Y, Tao H and Yuan B (2022) ‘Bio-Based Porous Aerogel with Bionic Structure and Hydrophobic Polymer Coating for Efficient Absorption of Oil/Organic Liquids’, Polymers, 14(21):4579, https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14214579.
Lang D, Liu G, Wu R, Wang W, He S, Wu J, Yang C, Wang L and Fu J (2025) ‘Anisotropic waste PVC/Cotton stalk cellulose composite sponges with under-oil superhydrophobicity for efficient oil-water separation’, Separation and Purification Technology, 373:133575, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.133575.
Lei C, Chen P, Zhang Z, Hua F, Hou X, Qu J, Zhao Y and Hu Q (2023) ‘Cellulose cryogels from herbal residues for oily wastewater purification’, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 252:126417, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126417.
Li Z, Zhu Y, Xi J, Ye D, Hu W, Song L, Hu Y, Cai W and Gui Z (2021) ‘Scalable production of hydrophobic and photo-thermal conversion bio-based 3D scaffold: Towards oil-water separation and continuous oil collection’, Journal of Cleaner Production, 319:128567, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128567.
Liu T, Li D, Huang K, Tan S and Huang L (2023) ‘Preparation and water/oil separation of super‐hydrophobic biomass adsorbent based on three‐dimensional graphene aerogel’, Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 98(3):744–755, https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.7279.
Mai VC, Das P, Zhou J, Lim TT and Duan H (2020) ‘Mussel‐Inspired Dual‐Superlyophobic Biomass Membranes for Selective Oil/Water Separation’, Advanced Materials Interfaces, 7(6):1901756, https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201901756.
Maia LS, Da Silva Neto T, Perluxo JD, Do Carmo FL, Rosa DS and Mulinari DR (2024) ‘Eco-friendly sorbents for petroleum and diesel based on macadamia nutshell waste in castor oil-based polyurethane foam for oil spill’, Adsorption, 30(8):2037–2051, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10450-024-00541-z.
Pham CKT, Duy TK, Do NHN, Nguyen LT, Mai PT, Le KA and Le PK (2023) ‘A facile route to fabricate anisotropic and flexible carbon aerogels from pineapple leaf for oil spills and solvent removal’, Journal of Porous Materials, 30(6):1911–1923, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-023-01474-8.
Ren L, Qiu Z, Wang Z, Yang D, Zhou D and Zhang T (2020) ‘Preparation of biomass carbon/polyurethane foams for selective oil/water absorption’, Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 41(12):1872–1878, https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2019.1637756.
Tran DT, Nguyen ST, Do ND, Thai NNT, Thai QB, Huynh HKP, Nguyen VTT and Phan AN (2020) ‘Green aerogels from rice straw for thermal, acoustic insulation and oil spill cleaning applications’, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 253:123363, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.123363.
Tung NT, Duc NT, Ha PTT and Son NT (2022) ‘The Graft Copolymerization of Butyl Acrylate and Lauryl Methacrylate onto Sawdust: Potential Materials for Oil Spill Cleanup’, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science, 46(2):385–394, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-022-01282-w.
Viju S, Brindha R and Thilagavathi G (2023) ‘Development and characterization of DTMS treated nettle fiber nonwovens for oil spill removal applications’, The Journal of The Textile Institute, 114(9):1375–1382, https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2022.2124658.
Wan Ibrahim WN and Mohamad Hanafi NS (2024) ‘Impact of Recycled Oleophilic Polyurethane Foams Integrated with Activated Carbon and Silica Enriched-Palm Oil Biomass for Separation of Oil’, ASM Science Journal, 19:1–8, https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2023.1492.
Zhang J, Lei X, Yu X and Fang R (2023) ‘Self-cleaning and friction-resistant superhydrophobic and oleophilic cotton for separation of stable emulsified oil’, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 677:132358, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.132358.
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Latin American Journal of Energy Research
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
O autor, no ato da submissão do artigo, transfere o direito autoral ao periódico.
