Fatores etiológicos da hipomineralização molar-incisivo (HMI): revisão integrativa da literatura

Eloísa Eloísa Cesário Fernandes; Micássio Fernandes de Andrade; Mauro Bezerra do Nascimento Júnior; Ana Clara Soares Paiva Tôrres; Patrícia Bittencourt Dutra dos Santos

doi:10.47456/rbps.v23i2.35158

Autores

Eloísa Eloísa Cesário Fernandes UERN
Micássio Fernandes de Andrade
Mauro Bezerra do Nascimento Júnior
Ana Clara Soares Paiva Tôrres
Patrícia Bittencourt Dutra dos Santos

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47456/rbps.v23i2.35158

Palavras-chave:

Hipomineralização molar incisivo, Desmineralização dentária, Molar, Incisivo, Etiologia

Resumo

Introdução: A Hipomineralização Molar-Incisivo (HMI) é caracterizada como uma alteração qualitativa do esmalte de origem sistêmica que envolve de 1 até 4 primeiros molares permanentes, podendo, também, atingir incisivos permanentes. Objetivos: Avaliar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre os fatores etiológicos associados à HMI. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura a partir de pesquisas nas bases de dados Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs e Scielo, entre os meses março e maio de 2020. Utilizaram-se os descritores “Dental enamel hypoplasia”, “Tooth Demineralization”, “Molar”, “Incisor” e “Etiology”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos publicados em português, inglês ou espanhol indexados nas bases de dados selecionadas e disponíveis de maneira gratuita, acessados via Portal de Periódicos Capes. Foram descartados todos os estudos que não apresentassem relação com a temática de interesse e que não fossem estudos primários. Resultados: Inicialmente, obteve-se um quantitativo de 673 publicações. Após avaliação criteriosa, a amostra final constou de 19 artigos. Influência genética e condições ambientais tais como renda familiar, problemas durante o parto e de saúde durante os três primeiros anos de vida da criança são fatores associados à HMI. Conclusão: Problemas durante o parto, hipocalcemia no recém-nascido prematuro, uso de antibióticos, fatores ambientais, febre alta e doenças respiratórias na primeira infância, além de fatores genéticos, estão associados ao surgimento da HMI.

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