Tel Dor, a port city with multiple occupations
learning a little more about the Eastern Mediterranean
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29327/2345891.11.22-4Keywords:
Tel Dor, Eastern Mediterranean, Near Eastern Archeology, Mizgaga MuseumAbstract
Tel Dor, an extensive mound on the Mediterranean coast of Israel, currently designated as a National Park, stands out throughout its existence due to its port presence, evolving into a dynamic, welcoming, and multicultural coastal city. This article aims to present in a didactic manner the cultural continuities and discontinuities experienced by Tel Dor over the centuries, exploring its occupations by Canaanites, “Sea Peoples,” Israelites, Phoenicians, Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. We also aim to provide a brief history of archaeological excavations that underscored the significance of Dor in the local and regional context of the Eastern Mediterranean. To achieve this, we consulted written documents, excavation reports, and conducted excavations on-site. The archaeological findings at Tel Dor, coupled with the diversity of sources, offer a comprehensive understanding of the cultural influences that shaped this location, perceived as a significant microcosm of cultural diversity over the centuries in the Eastern Mediterranean. Finally, we dedicate a few words to the Mizgaga Museum, a partner of the archaeological site since the 1980s, playing a vital role in preserving and exhibiting archaeological material from underwater excavations and the Tel area.
Downloads
References
Documentação textual
BÍBLIA. Português. Bíblia de Jerusalém. Tradução de Euclides Martins Balancin et al. São Paulo: Paulus, 1995.
FLAVIO JOSEFO. Bellum Iudaicum. Translated by H. St. Thackeray. London: Harvard University Press, 1997.
FLAVIO JOSEFO. Antiquitates Iudaicae. Translated by R. Marcus. London: Harvard University Press, 1998.
FLAVIO JOSEFO. Vita. Translated by S. Mason. Leiden: Brill, 2001.
PLINY THE ELDER. Natural History: Books 3-7. Translated by H. Rackham. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1942. v. 2.
POLYBIUS. The Histories of Polybius. Translated by F. Hultsch. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1962.
Obras arqueológicas e históricas
ANDERSON, J. D. The impact of Rome on the periphery: the case of Palestina – Roman period (63 BCE-324 CE). In: LEVY, T. E (ed.). The archaeology of society in the Holy Land. New York: Facts on File, 1995, p. 446-469.
BALY, D. Geography of the Bible. London: Lutterworth Press, 1974.
BASAT, H. B. Early Iron Age beads at Tel Dor: a comparative study. Thesis (Master’s degree in Archaeology) – University of Haifa, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Archaeology, Haifa, 2011.
BLACKMAN, D.; BAIKA, K. Ports, Harbours and anchorages in the Ancient Mediterranean: New Discoveries and New Approaches, 2016. In: Under the Mediterranean. October 20-23, 2017, Nicosia. Proceedings... Nicosia: Honor Frost Foundation, 2017, p. 44-45.
BRYCE, T. (ed.) The Routledge Handbook of the peoples and places of Ancient Western Asia: from the Early Bronze Age to the fall of the Persian Empire. New York: Routledge, 2009.
CHANCEY, M. A.; PORTER, A. The Archaeology of Roman Palestine. Near Eastern Archaeology, v. 64, p. 164-203, 2001.
DAHL, G. The materials for the History of Dor. New Haven: Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1915.
DUARTE, C. W. G. A anatomia do templo dórico grego: origem e desenvolvimento. Romanitas, n. 15, p. 138-156, 2020.
GILBOA, A.; SHARON, I. Between the Carmel and the sea Tel Dor’s Iron Age reconsidered. Near Eastern Archaeology, v. 71, p. 146-170, 2008.
GILBOA, A; SHARON, I.; ZORN, J. R.; MATSKEVICH, S. Excavations at Dor, final report. Area G, The Late Roman and Iron Ages: pottery, artifacts, ecofacts and other studies. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 2018. v. 2c.
HAHN, S. Catholic Bible dictionary. Doubleday Religious Publishing Group, 2009.
HAMIZGAGA MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND GLASS. Disponível em: <https://www.mizgaga.com/hamizgaga>. Acesso em: 20 ago. a 01 set. 2023.
HENGEL, M. Judaism and Hellenism: studies in their encounter in Palestine during the Early Hellenistic Period. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1974. 2 v.
KORMIKIARI, M. C. N. O papel de Cartago no debate acerca do sacrifício humano fenício-púnico. Romanitas, n. 10, p. 100-122, 2017.
KORMIKIARI, M. C. N. Fenícios pelo Mediterrâneo: formas de contato diversificadas. Cadernos do LEPAARQ, v. 15, n. 29, p. 174-185, 2018.
LEWIN, A. The archaeology of Ancient Judea and Palestine. Los Angeles: Getty Publications, 2005.
MESHORER, Y. The coins of Dora. Israel Numismatic Journal, v. 9, p. 59-7, 1986-1987.
MOSCATI, S. Introduction. In: V. KRINGS (ed.). La civilisation phénicienne et punique: manuel de recherche. Leiden: Brill, 1995, p. 1‐15.
NITSCHKE, J. L.; MARTIN, R. S.; SHALEV, Y. Between Carmel and the sea – Tel Dor: the late periods. Near Eastern Archaeology, v. 74, n. 3, p. 132-154, 2011.
OLIVEIRA, G. R. M. de. O porto romano e a paisagem social: organização urbana e contato cultural no litoral da Judeia-Palestina entre I AEC e II EC. Dissertação (Mestrado em Arqueologia) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arqueologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2022.
PORTO, V. C. Contatos culturais na ‘Judaea-Palaestina’ de Época Romana: estudos da malha urbana e da circulação monetária em Tel Dor, Israel. Projeto Auxílio à Pesquisa Regular. São Paulo: Fapesp, 2020.
PORTO, V. C. Calígula, Agripa I e os judeus: entre conflitos, amizade e redes de sociabilidade. In: CARVALHO, M. M. de; LEONI, A. M; JOSÉ, N. F. (ed.). Impérios, imperadores e redes de sociabilidade na Antiguidade. Curitiba: CRV, 2023, p. 229-257.
RAVEH, K.; KINGSLEY, S. Ancient harbour and anchorage at Dor, Israel: results of the underwater surveys, 1976-1991. British Archaeological Reports International Series, v. 626, 1996.
SAPIR-HEN, L.; et al. Food, economy, and culture at Tel Dor, Israel: a diachronic study of faunal remains from 15 centuries of occupation. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, v. 371, p. 83-100, 2014.
STERN, E. Excavations at Tel Dor, preliminary report. Israel Exploration Journal, v. 32, n. 2/3, 1981, p. 107-117.
STERN, E. et al. Excavations at Dor, final report. Areas A e C: the finds. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1982. v. 1B.
STERN, E.; BERG, J.; SHARON, I. Tel Dor, 1988-1989: preliminary report source. Israel Exploration Journal, v. 41, n. 1/3, 1991, p. 46-61.
STERN, E.; SHARON, I. Tel Dor, 1992: preliminary report. Israel Exploration Journal, v. 43, n. 2/3, 1993, p. 126-150.
STERN, E. Excavations at Dor, final report. Areas A e C: introduction and stratigraphy. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1995. v. 1A.
TCHERIKOVER, V. Hellenistic Civilization and the Jews. New York: Atheneum, 1959.
TÜRK DIL KURUMU BAŞKANLIĞI. Höyük. In: TDK Sözlükleri. Disponível em: <https://sozluk.gov.tr/>. Acesso em: 01 set. 2023.
TEL DOR EXCAVATION PROJECT. Disponível em: <http://dor.huji.ac.il/>. Acesso em: 15 ago. a 05 set. 2023.
WACHSMANN, S.; RAVEH, K. A concise nautical history of Dor/Tantura. The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration, v. 13, n. 3, p. 223-241, 1984.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Vagner Carvalheiro Porto
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
a. The authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right to first publication.
b. The authors are authorized to assume additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., publishing in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
c. Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g. in institutional repositories or on their personal page) after the first publication by the journal, with due credit.
d. The journal's texts are licensed under a CC BY 4.0 Deed Attribution 4.0 International Licence (CC BY).