Life cycle assessment of recycled aggregates applied to cement-based construction materials

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47456/bjpe.v10i2.44389

Keywords:

LCA, Sustainability, CDW

Abstract

Recycled Aggregates (RA) emerge as a solution to reduce environmental impacts by converting Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) into construction material. The general objective of the research is to carry out a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the use of RA for the production of cement-based construction materials, aiming to evaluate the influence of RA on environmental impact indicators. In total, 24 traits were used for the use of RA; in mortars, prefabricated blocks, non-structural, structural and self-compacting concrete. The OpenLCA program was used to calculate environmental impacts using 5 different impact methods. When analyzing the Life Cycle Inventory and interpreting the LCA results, it is noted that the production of RA presents itself as an environmentally viable solution in relation to the reference material as long as the impacts avoided by recycling are accounted for. CDW transport is mainly responsible for the impacts generated. The recycled material proved to be environmentally viable at various replacement levels, achieving reductions of up to 43.6% in indicators. RA has the potential to replace Natural Aggregates (NA) in almost all scenarios analyzed.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Lukas Bruno Damazio Bello, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, UFES, Brasil

Possui graduação em Engenharia Civil pela Universidade Vale do Rio Doce (2017). Especialista em Modelagem e dimensionamento de Estruturas pelo IPOG e Engenheiro de Segurança do Trabalho pela PUC-Minas. Atualmente é aluno de mestrado do departamento de Engenharia Civil da UFES. 

João Luiz Calmon, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, UFES, Brasil

Possui Graduação em Engenharia Civil pela Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (1978), Mestrado em Engenharia de Produção pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro - PUC/RJ (1986), Doutorado em Engenharia Civil - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC - E T E Caminos Canales y Puertos de Barcelona (1995) e Pós-doutorado no Instituto de Ciencias de la Construcción Eduardo Torroja - CSIC - Madrid. É professor Professor TITULAR da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES (aposentado e voluntário). Na UFES, professor nos Programas de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Engenharia Ambiental. Professor Visitante no Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), ex-professor visitante na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS. Bolsista Pesquisador Capixaba (produtividade) - BPC da Fundação de Amparo á Pesquisa do Espírito Santo - FAPES. Tem experiência na área de Engenharia Civil, com ênfase em Construção Civil, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: Método dos Elementos Finitos aplicado a processos construtivos de barragens e estruturas maciças e a situações de estruturas submetidas a temperaturas elevadas, Concretos e Argamassas, Durabilidade de estruturas, Utilização de Resíduos Sólidos e Subprodutos Industriais como Materiais de Construção, Construção Sustentável, Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida, Gerenciamento de Projetos de Construção, Building Information Modelling (BIM)

References

Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Limpeza Pública e Resíduos Especiais. (2022). Panorama dos resíduos sólidos no brasil. Recuperado de https://abrelpe.org.br/panorama/

Agrela, F., Díaz-López, J. L., Rosales, J., Cuenca-Moyano, G. M., Cano, H., & Cabrera, M. (2021). Environmental assessment, mechanical behavior and new leaching impact proposal of mixed recycled aggregates to be used in road construction. Journal of Cleaner Production, 280, 124362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124362 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124362

Alzard, M. H., El-Hassan, H., & El-Maaddawy, T. (2021). Environmental and Economic Life Cycle Assessment of Recycled Aggregates Concrete in the United Arab Emirates. Sustainability, 13(18), 10348. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810348 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810348

Angulo, S. C., Oliveira, L. S., & Machado, L. (2022). Pesquisa setorial ABRECON 2020: a reciclagem de resíduos de construção e demolição no Brasil. In S. C. Angulo, L. S. Oliveira, & L. C. Machado (Eds.), Pesquisa setorial ABRECON 2020: a reciclagem de resíduos de construção e demolição no Brasil. Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Politécnica. https://doi.org/10.11606/9786589190103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/9786589190103

Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. (2014a). NBR ISO 14040: Gestão ambiental - Avaliação do ciclo de vida – Princípios e estrutura. ABNT.

Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. (2014b). NBR ISO 14044: Gestão ambiental - Avaliação do ciclo de vida - Requisitos e orientações. ABNT.

Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. (2021). NBR 15116: Agregados reciclados para uso em argamassas e concretos de cimento Portland - Requisitos e métodos de ensaios. ABNT.

Attri, G. K., Gupta, R. C., & Shrivastava, S. (2022). Sustainable precast concrete blocks incorporating recycled concrete aggregate, stone crusher, and silica dust. Journal of Cleaner Production, 362, 132354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132354 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132354

Bello, L. B. D., & Calmon, J. L. (2023). Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida de agregados reciclados : Uma revisão crítica e proposta de diretrizes. IBRACON, 64(1), 1–16.

Braga, A. M., Silvestre, J. D., & de Brito, J. (2017). Compared environmental and economic impact from cradle to gate of concrete with natural and recycled coarse aggregates. Journal of Cleaner Production, 162, 529–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2017.06.057 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.057

Brasil. (2022). Estimativas anuais de emissões de gases estufa no Brasil: Vol. 6 Edição (6a Edição). Recuperado de https://www.gov.br/mcti/pt-br/acompanhe-o-mcti/sirene/publicacoes/estimativas-anuais-de-emissoes-gee

Celik, K., Meral, C., Petek Gursel, A., Mehta, P. K., Horvath, A., & Monteiro, P. J. M. (2015). Mechanical properties, durability, and life-cycle assessment of self-consolidating concrete mixtures made with blended portland cements containing fly ash and limestone powder. Cement and Concrete Composites, 56, 59–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.11.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.11.003

Colangelo, F., Petrillo, A., & Farina, I. (2021). Comparative environmental evaluation of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition wastes in Italy. Science of The Total Environment, 798, 149250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149250 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149250

Di Maria, A., Eyckmans, J., & Van Acker, K. (2018). Downcycling versus recycling of construction and demolition waste: Combining LCA and LCC to support sustainable policy making. Waste Management, 75, 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.01.028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.01.028

Ding, T., Xiao, J., & Tam, V. W. Y. (2016). A closed-loop life cycle assessment of recycled aggregate concrete utilization in China. Waste Management, 56, 367–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.05.031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.05.031

Fang, C., Feng, J., Huang, S., Hu, J., Wang, W., & Li, N. (2022). Mechanical properties and microscopic characterization of mortar with recycled aggregate from waste road. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 17, e01441. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CSCM.2022.E01441 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01441

Fiol, F., Thomas, C., Muñoz, C., Ortega-López, V., & Manso, J. M. (2018). The influence of recycled aggregates from precast elements on the mechanical properties of structural self-compacting concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 182, 309–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.132 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.132

Grabois, T. M., Caldas, L. R., Julião, N. R., & Toledo Filho, R. D. (2020). An Experimental and Environmental Evaluation of Mortars with Recycled Demolition Waste from a Hospital Implosion in Rio de Janeiro. Sustainability, 12(21), 8945. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218945 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218945

Mariaková, D., Mocová, K. A., Pešta, J., Fořtová, K., Tripathi, B., Pavlů, T., & Hájek, P. (2022). Ecotoxicity of Concrete Containing Fine-Recycled Aggregate: Effect on Photosynthetic Pigments, Soil Enzymatic Activity and Carbonation Process. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031732 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031732

Marinković, S., Josa, I., Braymand, S., & Tošić, N. (2023). Sustainability assessment of recycled aggregate concrete structures: A critical view on the current state‐of‐knowledge and practice. Structural Concrete, March. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202201245 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.202201245

Mello, R. Z. (2018). AVALIAÇÃO DO CICLO DE VIDA DA UTILIZAÇÃO DO RESÍDUO DO BENEFICIAMENTO DE ROCHAS ORNAMENTAIS EM MATERIAIS DE CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL À BASE DE CIMENTO [Dissertação (Mestrado), Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo]. Recuperado de http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/10699

Menegatti, L. C., Castrillon Fernandez, L. I., Caldas, L. R., Pepe, M., Pittau, F., Zani, G., Rampini, M. C., Michels, J., Toledo Filho, R. D., & Martinelli, E. (2022). Environmental Performance of Deconstructable Concrete Beams Made with Recycled Aggregates. Sustainability, 14(18), 11457. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811457 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811457

Rosado, L. P., Vitale, P., Penteado, C. S. G., & Arena, U. (2019). Life cycle assessment of construction and demolition waste management in a large area of São Paulo State, Brazil. Waste Management, 85, 477–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.01.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.01.011

Rosado, L. Peixoto., Vitale, Pierluca., Penteado, C. S. G. ., & Arena, Umberto. (2017). Life cycle assessment of natural and mixed recycled aggregate production in Brazil. Journal of Cleaner Production, 151, 634–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.068 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.068

Steinmann, Z. J. N., Schipper, A. M., Hauck, M., & Huijbregts, M. A. J. (2007). How Many Environmental Impact Indicators Are Needed in the Evaluation of Product Life Cycles? Journal of Statistical Software, 18(2), 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05179 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05179

Thomas, C., Setién, J., & Polanco, J. A. (2016). Structural recycled aggregate concrete made with precast wastes. Construction and Building Materials, 114, 536–546. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CONBUILDMAT.2016.03.203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.03.203

Vieira, D. R., Calmon, J. L., & Coelho, F. Z. (2016). Life cycle assessment (LCA) applied to the manufacturing of common and ecological concrete: A review. Construction and Building Materials, 124, 656–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.125 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.125

Vieira, D. R., Calmon, J. L., Zulcão, R., & Coelho, F. Z. (2018). Consideration of strength and service life in cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of self-compacting concrete in a maritime area: a study in the Brazilian context. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 20(4), 1849–1871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-017-9970-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-017-9970-4

Waskow, R., Gonçalves Maciel, V., Tubino, R., & Passuello, A. (2021). Environmental performance of construction and demolition waste management strategies for valorization of recycled coarse aggregate. Journal of Environmental Management, 295, 113094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113094 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113094

Weidema, B. P., & Wesnaes, M. S. (1996). Data quality management for life cycle inventories-an example of using data quality indicators. Journal of Cleaner Production, 4(3–4), 167–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-6526(96)00043-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-6526(96)00043-1

Weidema, B. Pedersen., Bauer, C. ., Hischier, R., Mutel, C., Nemecek, T., Reinhard, J., Vadenbo, C. O., & Wernet, G. (2013). Overview and methodology Data quality guideline for the ecoinvent database version 3 Weidema,. Paper Knowledge . Toward a Media History of Documents, 12-. Recuperado de https://lca-net.com/publications/show/overview-methodology-data-quality-guideline-ecoinvent-database-version-3/

Published

2024-06-11

How to Cite

Bello, L. B. D., & Calmon, J. L. (2024). Life cycle assessment of recycled aggregates applied to cement-based construction materials. Brazilian Journal of Production Engineering, 10(2), 389–409. https://doi.org/10.47456/bjpe.v10i2.44389