Atividade profilática da cafeína no controle da doença de Parkinson
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/rbps.v25i4.40561Palavras-chave:
Doença de Parkinson, Cafeína, ControleResumo
I
Introdução: No mundo, estima-se que a doença de Parkinson (DP) seja a segunda neuropatologia degenerativa mais comum, sendo precedida apenas pelo mal de Alzheimer. Trata-se de uma doença idiopática, que resulta das interações individuais com fatores ambientais e que acarreta disfunções bioquímicas. Sabe-se, entretanto, que metilxantinas, como a cafeína, possuem atividades biológicas que estão correlacionadas com a fisiopatologia das demências. Objetivo: Verificar a atividade profilática da cafeína no controle da DP. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com busca eletrônica de artigos científicos, publicados entre 2015 e 2020, nas bases Scientific Eletronic Library (SciELO), Centro Latino-americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (BIREME-OPAS-OMS) e National Library of Medicine, dos EUA (PubMed). A busca se deu a partir da pesquisa das palavras-chave “caffeine and Parkinson disease”. Resultados: Foram selecionados dez artigos, dos quais cinco sugeriram que a cafeína possui potencial terapêutico no tratamento da DP em modelo animal; dois indicaram que, in vitro, a cafeína possui potencial terapêutico; três não correlacionaram a cafeína com melhora clínica da DP, em caso de doença já estabelecida em humanos; dois indicaram o consumo da cafeína como fator protetor ao desenvolvimento da DP. Conclusão: A cafeína possui atividade antiparkinsoniana in vitro e in vivo. Entretanto, esse efeito não se reproduz em ensaios clínicos, o que indica ineficácia translacional. Contudo, ainda se faz necessário mais estudos clínicos multicêntricos, com a cafeína isolada, que visem à averiguação da utilidade, ou não, como terapia adjuvante no tratamento da DP.
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