Epidemiological profile of Leukemia in Maranhão state, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47456/rbps.v26i1.39303Keywords:
Leukemia, Public Health Surveillance, OncologyAbstract
Introduction: Leukemias are blood neoplasms that affect all individuals regardless of age and sex, which impact public health due to the specificity of treatment and the number of cases in the population. Objectives: To characterize leukemia cases treated at an oncology hospital in Maranhão, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The data were extracted from the Hospital Cancer Registry System of an oncology hospital from 2014 to 2019 and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: 111 cases of leukemia were recorded during the study period. Males were predominant (60.4%). In the age group of 40 to 59 years (35.1%). Mixed race people represented the majority (55.9%). Married people accounted for 46.8% of cases. As for education, 31.5% had primary education. Regarding occupation, several professions predominated (38.7%) and 58.6% of patients came from rural areas. As for clinical data, the various histological type represented 44.2%; unclassified clinical staging was present in 88.5% of cases; In relation to alcohol and tobacco consumption in patients, 43.2% and 45% never consumed them, respectively. Regarding treatment variables, 39.6% of patients underwent multiple exams, 45% received chemotherapy and 14.4% had complete remission. Conclusion: Leukemias are considered a challenge to public health due to the diagnosis in the elderly adult population due to the factors of low education that influence self-care, making it difficult to recognize symptoms in patients. It is necessary to expand oncological attention to improve access and quality of care.
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